Kinetics of Bacterial Adaptation, Growth, and Death at Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride sub-MIC Concentrations
Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) are standard indexes for determining disinfection effectiveness. Nevertheless, they are static values disregarding the kinetics at sub-MIC concentrations where adaptation, growth, stationary, and death phases can be...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.758237/full |
| _version_ | 1797861439077089280 |
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| author | Adrián Pedreira Adrián Pedreira José A. Vázquez Míriam R. García |
| author_facet | Adrián Pedreira Adrián Pedreira José A. Vázquez Míriam R. García |
| author_sort | Adrián Pedreira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) are standard indexes for determining disinfection effectiveness. Nevertheless, they are static values disregarding the kinetics at sub-MIC concentrations where adaptation, growth, stationary, and death phases can be observed. The understanding of these dynamic mechanisms is crucial to designing effective disinfection strategies. In this study, we studied the 48 h kinetics of Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli cells exposed to sub-MIC concentrations of didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC). Two mathematical models were employed to reproduce the experiments: the only-growth classical logistic model and a mechanistic model including growth and death dynamics. Although both models reproduce the lag, exponential and stationary phases, only the mechanistic model is able to reproduce the death phase and reveals the concentration dependence of the bactericidal/bacteriostatic activity of DDAC. This model could potentially be extended to study other antimicrobials and reproduce changes in optical density (OD) and colony-forming units (CFUs) with the same parameters and mechanisms of action. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:02:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b82c9fcd1ae04b8ebac23159ee8a74cc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:02:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b82c9fcd1ae04b8ebac23159ee8a74cc2023-03-23T15:13:29ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2022-04-011310.3389/fmicb.2022.758237758237Kinetics of Bacterial Adaptation, Growth, and Death at Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride sub-MIC ConcentrationsAdrián Pedreira0Adrián Pedreira1José A. Vázquez2Míriam R. García3Biosystems and Bioprocess Engineering (Bio2Eng), Marine Research Institute-Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, Vigo, SpainGroup of Recycling and Valorization of Waste Materials (REVAL), Marine Research Institute-Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, Vigo, SpainGroup of Recycling and Valorization of Waste Materials (REVAL), Marine Research Institute-Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, Vigo, SpainBiosystems and Bioprocess Engineering (Bio2Eng), Marine Research Institute-Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, Vigo, SpainMinimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) are standard indexes for determining disinfection effectiveness. Nevertheless, they are static values disregarding the kinetics at sub-MIC concentrations where adaptation, growth, stationary, and death phases can be observed. The understanding of these dynamic mechanisms is crucial to designing effective disinfection strategies. In this study, we studied the 48 h kinetics of Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli cells exposed to sub-MIC concentrations of didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC). Two mathematical models were employed to reproduce the experiments: the only-growth classical logistic model and a mechanistic model including growth and death dynamics. Although both models reproduce the lag, exponential and stationary phases, only the mechanistic model is able to reproduce the death phase and reveals the concentration dependence of the bactericidal/bacteriostatic activity of DDAC. This model could potentially be extended to study other antimicrobials and reproduce changes in optical density (OD) and colony-forming units (CFUs) with the same parameters and mechanisms of action.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.758237/fulldynamic modelingdisinfectiondidecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC)B. cereusE. colibacteriostatic |
| spellingShingle | Adrián Pedreira Adrián Pedreira José A. Vázquez Míriam R. García Kinetics of Bacterial Adaptation, Growth, and Death at Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride sub-MIC Concentrations Frontiers in Microbiology dynamic modeling disinfection didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) B. cereus E. coli bacteriostatic |
| title | Kinetics of Bacterial Adaptation, Growth, and Death at Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride sub-MIC Concentrations |
| title_full | Kinetics of Bacterial Adaptation, Growth, and Death at Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride sub-MIC Concentrations |
| title_fullStr | Kinetics of Bacterial Adaptation, Growth, and Death at Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride sub-MIC Concentrations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kinetics of Bacterial Adaptation, Growth, and Death at Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride sub-MIC Concentrations |
| title_short | Kinetics of Bacterial Adaptation, Growth, and Death at Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride sub-MIC Concentrations |
| title_sort | kinetics of bacterial adaptation growth and death at didecyldimethylammonium chloride sub mic concentrations |
| topic | dynamic modeling disinfection didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC) B. cereus E. coli bacteriostatic |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.758237/full |
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