The Corrosion Behavior in Different Environments of Austenitic Stainless Steels Subjected to Thermochemical Surface Treatments at Low Temperatures: An Overview
Low-temperature thermochemical treatments are particularly suitable for use in the surface hardening of austenitic stainless steels without impairing their corrosion resistance. In fact, when using treatment media rich in nitrogen and/or carbon at relatively low temperatures (<450 °C for nitridin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/4/776 |
| _version_ | 1797604333153419264 |
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| author | Francesca Borgioli |
| author_facet | Francesca Borgioli |
| author_sort | Francesca Borgioli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Low-temperature thermochemical treatments are particularly suitable for use in the surface hardening of austenitic stainless steels without impairing their corrosion resistance. In fact, when using treatment media rich in nitrogen and/or carbon at relatively low temperatures (<450 °C for nitriding, <550 °C for carburizing), it is possible to inhibit the formation of chromium compounds and obtain modified surface layers that consist mainly of a supersaturated solid solution, known as expanded austenite or S-phase. It has been observed that this hard phase allows the enhancement of corrosion resistance in chloride-ion-containing solutions, while the results were contradictory for chloride-free acidic solutions. This overview aims to discuss the corrosion behavior of low-temperature-treated austenitic stainless steels, taking into account the different microstructures and phase compositions of the modified layers, as well as the different test environments and conditions. In particular, the corrosion behavior in both chloride-ion-containing solutions and chloride-free solutions (sulfuric acid, sulfate and borate solutions) is discussed. The analysis of the international literature presents evidence that the microstructure and phase composition of the modified layers have key roles in corrosion resistance, especially in sulfuric acid solutions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:44:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b84026a7bba04806bed92bff9fed7218 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:44:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-b84026a7bba04806bed92bff9fed72182023-11-17T20:27:32ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012023-04-0113477610.3390/met13040776The Corrosion Behavior in Different Environments of Austenitic Stainless Steels Subjected to Thermochemical Surface Treatments at Low Temperatures: An OverviewFrancesca Borgioli0Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Florence, via S. Marta 3, 50139 Florence, ItalyLow-temperature thermochemical treatments are particularly suitable for use in the surface hardening of austenitic stainless steels without impairing their corrosion resistance. In fact, when using treatment media rich in nitrogen and/or carbon at relatively low temperatures (<450 °C for nitriding, <550 °C for carburizing), it is possible to inhibit the formation of chromium compounds and obtain modified surface layers that consist mainly of a supersaturated solid solution, known as expanded austenite or S-phase. It has been observed that this hard phase allows the enhancement of corrosion resistance in chloride-ion-containing solutions, while the results were contradictory for chloride-free acidic solutions. This overview aims to discuss the corrosion behavior of low-temperature-treated austenitic stainless steels, taking into account the different microstructures and phase compositions of the modified layers, as well as the different test environments and conditions. In particular, the corrosion behavior in both chloride-ion-containing solutions and chloride-free solutions (sulfuric acid, sulfate and borate solutions) is discussed. The analysis of the international literature presents evidence that the microstructure and phase composition of the modified layers have key roles in corrosion resistance, especially in sulfuric acid solutions.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/4/776stainless steelslow-temperature treatmentsnitridingcarburizingexpanded austeniteS-phase |
| spellingShingle | Francesca Borgioli The Corrosion Behavior in Different Environments of Austenitic Stainless Steels Subjected to Thermochemical Surface Treatments at Low Temperatures: An Overview Metals stainless steels low-temperature treatments nitriding carburizing expanded austenite S-phase |
| title | The Corrosion Behavior in Different Environments of Austenitic Stainless Steels Subjected to Thermochemical Surface Treatments at Low Temperatures: An Overview |
| title_full | The Corrosion Behavior in Different Environments of Austenitic Stainless Steels Subjected to Thermochemical Surface Treatments at Low Temperatures: An Overview |
| title_fullStr | The Corrosion Behavior in Different Environments of Austenitic Stainless Steels Subjected to Thermochemical Surface Treatments at Low Temperatures: An Overview |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Corrosion Behavior in Different Environments of Austenitic Stainless Steels Subjected to Thermochemical Surface Treatments at Low Temperatures: An Overview |
| title_short | The Corrosion Behavior in Different Environments of Austenitic Stainless Steels Subjected to Thermochemical Surface Treatments at Low Temperatures: An Overview |
| title_sort | corrosion behavior in different environments of austenitic stainless steels subjected to thermochemical surface treatments at low temperatures an overview |
| topic | stainless steels low-temperature treatments nitriding carburizing expanded austenite S-phase |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/4/776 |
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