Effects on Bioaccumulation, Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters, Plasma Components, and Antioxidant Responses in Starry Flounder (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>) Exposed to Dietary Cadmium and Ascorbic Acid
This study evaluates the toxic effects of dietary Cd and mitigative effects of AsA supplementation by measuring the growth performance, bioaccumulation, hematological parameters, plasma components, and antioxidant responses of Starry flounder (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>). <i>Plat...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | Antioxidants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/1/128 |
| _version_ | 1797446846796267520 |
|---|---|
| author | Tae-Jun Won Young-Bin Yu Jung-Hoon Kang Jun-Hwan Kim Ju-Chan Kang |
| author_facet | Tae-Jun Won Young-Bin Yu Jung-Hoon Kang Jun-Hwan Kim Ju-Chan Kang |
| author_sort | Tae-Jun Won |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study evaluates the toxic effects of dietary Cd and mitigative effects of AsA supplementation by measuring the growth performance, bioaccumulation, hematological parameters, plasma components, and antioxidant responses of Starry flounder (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>). <i>Platichthys stellatus</i> (mean weight, 69.5 ± 1.4 g; mean length, 18.2 ± 0.21 cm) was fed with dietary cadmium-ascorbic acid (Cd-AsA) composed of C<sub>0</sub>A<sub>0</sub>, C<sub>0</sub>A<sub>500</sub>, C<sub>0</sub>A<sub>1000</sub>, C<sub>40</sub>A<sub>0</sub>, C<sub>40</sub>A<sub>500</sub>, C<sub>40</sub>A<sub>1000</sub>, C<sub>80</sub>A<sub>0</sub>, C<sub>80</sub>A<sub>500</sub>, and C<sub>80</sub>A<sub>1000</sub> mg of Cd-AsA per kg diet for four weeks. Our results showed that Cd accumulation significantly increased in proportion to the Cd concentration, where the highest levels were observed in the intestine, followed by the kidney, liver, and gills. Dietary AsA significantly mitigated the Cd accumulation in all tissues, and the reduction in Cd accumulation was proportional to the increase in AsA concentration. Dietary Cd has adverse effects on growth performance (body weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and hepatosomatic index) and can alter the hematological parameters (red blood cell count, hematocrit, and hemoglobin), plasma components (glucose, total protein, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and glutamic pyruvic transaminase), and antioxidant responses (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione). Dietary AsA restored the decreased growth performance parameters and the altered hematological parameters, plasma components, and antioxidant responses caused by the dietary Cd exposure. The results of this study showed that dietary Cd is toxic to <i>P. stellatus</i>, while dietary AsA is effective in mitigating the toxic effects of Cd. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:46:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b854a7b2f5c044ce83a59543b3ed653c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:46:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-b854a7b2f5c044ce83a59543b3ed653c2023-11-30T20:58:42ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212023-01-0112112810.3390/antiox12010128Effects on Bioaccumulation, Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters, Plasma Components, and Antioxidant Responses in Starry Flounder (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>) Exposed to Dietary Cadmium and Ascorbic AcidTae-Jun Won0Young-Bin Yu1Jung-Hoon Kang2Jun-Hwan Kim3Ju-Chan Kang4Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of KoreaInstitute of Marine Biological Resources, Busan 48059, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Aquatic Life and Medical Science, Sun Moon University, Asan-si 31460, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of KoreaThis study evaluates the toxic effects of dietary Cd and mitigative effects of AsA supplementation by measuring the growth performance, bioaccumulation, hematological parameters, plasma components, and antioxidant responses of Starry flounder (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>). <i>Platichthys stellatus</i> (mean weight, 69.5 ± 1.4 g; mean length, 18.2 ± 0.21 cm) was fed with dietary cadmium-ascorbic acid (Cd-AsA) composed of C<sub>0</sub>A<sub>0</sub>, C<sub>0</sub>A<sub>500</sub>, C<sub>0</sub>A<sub>1000</sub>, C<sub>40</sub>A<sub>0</sub>, C<sub>40</sub>A<sub>500</sub>, C<sub>40</sub>A<sub>1000</sub>, C<sub>80</sub>A<sub>0</sub>, C<sub>80</sub>A<sub>500</sub>, and C<sub>80</sub>A<sub>1000</sub> mg of Cd-AsA per kg diet for four weeks. Our results showed that Cd accumulation significantly increased in proportion to the Cd concentration, where the highest levels were observed in the intestine, followed by the kidney, liver, and gills. Dietary AsA significantly mitigated the Cd accumulation in all tissues, and the reduction in Cd accumulation was proportional to the increase in AsA concentration. Dietary Cd has adverse effects on growth performance (body weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and hepatosomatic index) and can alter the hematological parameters (red blood cell count, hematocrit, and hemoglobin), plasma components (glucose, total protein, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and glutamic pyruvic transaminase), and antioxidant responses (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione). Dietary AsA restored the decreased growth performance parameters and the altered hematological parameters, plasma components, and antioxidant responses caused by the dietary Cd exposure. The results of this study showed that dietary Cd is toxic to <i>P. stellatus</i>, while dietary AsA is effective in mitigating the toxic effects of Cd.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/1/128starry floundercadmiumascorbic acidmetal toxicitymitigative effect |
| spellingShingle | Tae-Jun Won Young-Bin Yu Jung-Hoon Kang Jun-Hwan Kim Ju-Chan Kang Effects on Bioaccumulation, Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters, Plasma Components, and Antioxidant Responses in Starry Flounder (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>) Exposed to Dietary Cadmium and Ascorbic Acid Antioxidants starry flounder cadmium ascorbic acid metal toxicity mitigative effect |
| title | Effects on Bioaccumulation, Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters, Plasma Components, and Antioxidant Responses in Starry Flounder (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>) Exposed to Dietary Cadmium and Ascorbic Acid |
| title_full | Effects on Bioaccumulation, Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters, Plasma Components, and Antioxidant Responses in Starry Flounder (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>) Exposed to Dietary Cadmium and Ascorbic Acid |
| title_fullStr | Effects on Bioaccumulation, Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters, Plasma Components, and Antioxidant Responses in Starry Flounder (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>) Exposed to Dietary Cadmium and Ascorbic Acid |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects on Bioaccumulation, Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters, Plasma Components, and Antioxidant Responses in Starry Flounder (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>) Exposed to Dietary Cadmium and Ascorbic Acid |
| title_short | Effects on Bioaccumulation, Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters, Plasma Components, and Antioxidant Responses in Starry Flounder (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>) Exposed to Dietary Cadmium and Ascorbic Acid |
| title_sort | effects on bioaccumulation growth performance hematological parameters plasma components and antioxidant responses in starry flounder i platichthys stellatus i exposed to dietary cadmium and ascorbic acid |
| topic | starry flounder cadmium ascorbic acid metal toxicity mitigative effect |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/12/1/128 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT taejunwon effectsonbioaccumulationgrowthperformancehematologicalparametersplasmacomponentsandantioxidantresponsesinstarryflounderiplatichthysstellatusiexposedtodietarycadmiumandascorbicacid AT youngbinyu effectsonbioaccumulationgrowthperformancehematologicalparametersplasmacomponentsandantioxidantresponsesinstarryflounderiplatichthysstellatusiexposedtodietarycadmiumandascorbicacid AT junghoonkang effectsonbioaccumulationgrowthperformancehematologicalparametersplasmacomponentsandantioxidantresponsesinstarryflounderiplatichthysstellatusiexposedtodietarycadmiumandascorbicacid AT junhwankim effectsonbioaccumulationgrowthperformancehematologicalparametersplasmacomponentsandantioxidantresponsesinstarryflounderiplatichthysstellatusiexposedtodietarycadmiumandascorbicacid AT juchankang effectsonbioaccumulationgrowthperformancehematologicalparametersplasmacomponentsandantioxidantresponsesinstarryflounderiplatichthysstellatusiexposedtodietarycadmiumandascorbicacid |