Functionalized Biochar from the Amazonian Residual Biomass Murici Seed: An Effective and Low-Cost Basic Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Synthesis
This study presents the synthesis of a basic heterogeneous catalyst based on sodium functionalized biochar. The murici biochar (BCAM) support used in the process was obtained through the pyrolysis of the murici seed (<i>Byrsonimia crassifolia</i>), followed by impregnation of the active...
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/24/7980 |
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| author | Thaissa Saraiva Ribeiro Matheus Arrais Gonçalves Geraldo Narciso da Rocha Filho Leyvison Rafael Vieira da Conceição |
| author_facet | Thaissa Saraiva Ribeiro Matheus Arrais Gonçalves Geraldo Narciso da Rocha Filho Leyvison Rafael Vieira da Conceição |
| author_sort | Thaissa Saraiva Ribeiro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study presents the synthesis of a basic heterogeneous catalyst based on sodium functionalized biochar. The murici biochar (BCAM) support used in the process was obtained through the pyrolysis of the murici seed (<i>Byrsonimia crassifolia</i>), followed by impregnation of the active phase in amounts that made it possible to obtain concentrations of 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18% of sodium in the final composition of the catalyst. The best-performing 15Na/BCAM catalyst was characterized by Elemental Composition (CHNS), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG/DTG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersion X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). The catalyst 15Na/BCAM was applied under optimal reaction conditions: temperature of 75 °C, reaction time of 1.5 h, catalyst concentration of 5% (<i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) and MeOH:oil molar ratio of 20:1, resulting in a biodiesel with ester content of 97.20% ± 0.31 in the first reaction cycle, and maintenance of catalytic activity for five reaction cycles with ester content above 65%. Furthermore, the study demonstrated an effective catalyst regeneration process, with the synthesized biodiesels maintaining ester content above 75% for another five reaction cycles. Thus, the data indicate a promising alternative to low-cost residual raw materials for the synthesis of basic heterogeneous catalysts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:30:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b86e3c2364aa4a26905f1fdf85d23d04 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:30:14Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-b86e3c2364aa4a26905f1fdf85d23d042023-12-22T14:27:17ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-12-012824798010.3390/molecules28247980Functionalized Biochar from the Amazonian Residual Biomass Murici Seed: An Effective and Low-Cost Basic Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel SynthesisThaissa Saraiva Ribeiro0Matheus Arrais Gonçalves1Geraldo Narciso da Rocha Filho2Leyvison Rafael Vieira da Conceição3Laboratory of Catalysis and Oleochemical, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, BrazilLaboratory of Catalysis and Oleochemical, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, BrazilLaboratory of Catalysis and Oleochemical, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, BrazilLaboratory of Catalysis and Oleochemical, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, BrazilThis study presents the synthesis of a basic heterogeneous catalyst based on sodium functionalized biochar. The murici biochar (BCAM) support used in the process was obtained through the pyrolysis of the murici seed (<i>Byrsonimia crassifolia</i>), followed by impregnation of the active phase in amounts that made it possible to obtain concentrations of 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18% of sodium in the final composition of the catalyst. The best-performing 15Na/BCAM catalyst was characterized by Elemental Composition (CHNS), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG/DTG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersion X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). The catalyst 15Na/BCAM was applied under optimal reaction conditions: temperature of 75 °C, reaction time of 1.5 h, catalyst concentration of 5% (<i>w</i>/<i>w</i>) and MeOH:oil molar ratio of 20:1, resulting in a biodiesel with ester content of 97.20% ± 0.31 in the first reaction cycle, and maintenance of catalytic activity for five reaction cycles with ester content above 65%. Furthermore, the study demonstrated an effective catalyst regeneration process, with the synthesized biodiesels maintaining ester content above 75% for another five reaction cycles. Thus, the data indicate a promising alternative to low-cost residual raw materials for the synthesis of basic heterogeneous catalysts.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/24/7980murici seedbiocharbiodieselbasic heterogeneous catalystagroindustrial residue |
| spellingShingle | Thaissa Saraiva Ribeiro Matheus Arrais Gonçalves Geraldo Narciso da Rocha Filho Leyvison Rafael Vieira da Conceição Functionalized Biochar from the Amazonian Residual Biomass Murici Seed: An Effective and Low-Cost Basic Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Synthesis Molecules murici seed biochar biodiesel basic heterogeneous catalyst agroindustrial residue |
| title | Functionalized Biochar from the Amazonian Residual Biomass Murici Seed: An Effective and Low-Cost Basic Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Synthesis |
| title_full | Functionalized Biochar from the Amazonian Residual Biomass Murici Seed: An Effective and Low-Cost Basic Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Synthesis |
| title_fullStr | Functionalized Biochar from the Amazonian Residual Biomass Murici Seed: An Effective and Low-Cost Basic Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Synthesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Functionalized Biochar from the Amazonian Residual Biomass Murici Seed: An Effective and Low-Cost Basic Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Synthesis |
| title_short | Functionalized Biochar from the Amazonian Residual Biomass Murici Seed: An Effective and Low-Cost Basic Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Synthesis |
| title_sort | functionalized biochar from the amazonian residual biomass murici seed an effective and low cost basic heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel synthesis |
| topic | murici seed biochar biodiesel basic heterogeneous catalyst agroindustrial residue |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/24/7980 |
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