Anti-oxidant inhibition of hyaluronan fragment-induced inflammatory gene expression
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endogenous anti-oxidants is important in maintaining healthy tissues. Excessive ROS states occur in diseases such as ARDS and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Redox imbalance breaks...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2008-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Inflammation |
| Online Access: | http://www.journal-inflammation.com/content/5/1/20 |
| _version_ | 1811247121937989632 |
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| author | Powell Jonathan D Chan-Li Yee Collins Samuel L Black Katharine E Scheibner Kara A Eberlein Michael Horton Maureen R |
| author_facet | Powell Jonathan D Chan-Li Yee Collins Samuel L Black Katharine E Scheibner Kara A Eberlein Michael Horton Maureen R |
| author_sort | Powell Jonathan D |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endogenous anti-oxidants is important in maintaining healthy tissues. Excessive ROS states occur in diseases such as ARDS and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Redox imbalance breaks down the extracellular matrix component hyaluronan (HA) into fragments that activate innate immune responses and perpetuate tissue injury. HA fragments, via a TLR and NF-κB pathway, induce inflammatory gene expression in macrophages and epithelial cells. NAC and DMSO are potent anti-oxidants which may help balance excess ROS states.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We evaluated the effect of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, NAC and DMSO on HA fragment induced inflammatory gene expression in alveolar macrophages and epithelial cells.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>NAC and DMSO inhibit HA fragment-induced expression of TNF-α and KC protein in alveolar and peritoneal macrophages. NAC and DMSO also show a dose dependent inhibition of IP-10 protein expression, but not IL-8 protein, in alveolar epithelial cells. In addition, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2 </sub>synergizes with HA fragments to induce inflammatory genes, which are inhibited by NAC. Mechanistically, NAC and DMSO inhibit HA induced gene expression by inhibiting NF-κB activation, but NAC had no influence on HA-fragment-AP-1 mediated gene expression.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>ROS play a central role in a pathophysiologic "vicious cycle" of inflammation: tissue injury generates ROS, which fragment the extracellular matrix HA, which in turn synergize with ROS to activate the innate immune system and further promote ROS, HA fragment generation, inflammation, tissue injury and ultimately fibrosis. The anti-oxidants NAC and DMSO, by inhibiting the HA induced inflammatory gene expression, may help re-balance excessive ROS induced inflammation.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T15:03:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b8711ecc1b8e40f4af759c8f09c39e94 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1476-9255 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T15:03:37Z |
| publishDate | 2008-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Inflammation |
| spelling | doaj.art-b8711ecc1b8e40f4af759c8f09c39e942022-12-22T03:28:01ZengBMCJournal of Inflammation1476-92552008-11-01512010.1186/1476-9255-5-20Anti-oxidant inhibition of hyaluronan fragment-induced inflammatory gene expressionPowell Jonathan DChan-Li YeeCollins Samuel LBlack Katharine EScheibner Kara AEberlein MichaelHorton Maureen R<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endogenous anti-oxidants is important in maintaining healthy tissues. Excessive ROS states occur in diseases such as ARDS and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Redox imbalance breaks down the extracellular matrix component hyaluronan (HA) into fragments that activate innate immune responses and perpetuate tissue injury. HA fragments, via a TLR and NF-κB pathway, induce inflammatory gene expression in macrophages and epithelial cells. NAC and DMSO are potent anti-oxidants which may help balance excess ROS states.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We evaluated the effect of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, NAC and DMSO on HA fragment induced inflammatory gene expression in alveolar macrophages and epithelial cells.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>NAC and DMSO inhibit HA fragment-induced expression of TNF-α and KC protein in alveolar and peritoneal macrophages. NAC and DMSO also show a dose dependent inhibition of IP-10 protein expression, but not IL-8 protein, in alveolar epithelial cells. In addition, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2 </sub>synergizes with HA fragments to induce inflammatory genes, which are inhibited by NAC. Mechanistically, NAC and DMSO inhibit HA induced gene expression by inhibiting NF-κB activation, but NAC had no influence on HA-fragment-AP-1 mediated gene expression.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>ROS play a central role in a pathophysiologic "vicious cycle" of inflammation: tissue injury generates ROS, which fragment the extracellular matrix HA, which in turn synergize with ROS to activate the innate immune system and further promote ROS, HA fragment generation, inflammation, tissue injury and ultimately fibrosis. The anti-oxidants NAC and DMSO, by inhibiting the HA induced inflammatory gene expression, may help re-balance excessive ROS induced inflammation.</p>http://www.journal-inflammation.com/content/5/1/20 |
| spellingShingle | Powell Jonathan D Chan-Li Yee Collins Samuel L Black Katharine E Scheibner Kara A Eberlein Michael Horton Maureen R Anti-oxidant inhibition of hyaluronan fragment-induced inflammatory gene expression Journal of Inflammation |
| title | Anti-oxidant inhibition of hyaluronan fragment-induced inflammatory gene expression |
| title_full | Anti-oxidant inhibition of hyaluronan fragment-induced inflammatory gene expression |
| title_fullStr | Anti-oxidant inhibition of hyaluronan fragment-induced inflammatory gene expression |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anti-oxidant inhibition of hyaluronan fragment-induced inflammatory gene expression |
| title_short | Anti-oxidant inhibition of hyaluronan fragment-induced inflammatory gene expression |
| title_sort | anti oxidant inhibition of hyaluronan fragment induced inflammatory gene expression |
| url | http://www.journal-inflammation.com/content/5/1/20 |
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