Mosquito Larvicidal Activity and Cytotoxicity of the Extracts of Aromatic Plants from Malaysia
Despite ongoing control efforts, the mosquito population and diseases vectored by them continue to thrive worldwide, causing major health concerns. There has been growing interest in the use of botanicals as alternatives to insecticides due to their widespread insecticidal properties, biodegradabili...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-06-01
|
| Series: | Insects |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/6/512 |
| _version_ | 1797594228735344640 |
|---|---|
| author | Huimei Lim Sook Yee Lee Lai Yee Ho Nam Weng Sit |
| author_facet | Huimei Lim Sook Yee Lee Lai Yee Ho Nam Weng Sit |
| author_sort | Huimei Lim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Despite ongoing control efforts, the mosquito population and diseases vectored by them continue to thrive worldwide, causing major health concerns. There has been growing interest in the use of botanicals as alternatives to insecticides due to their widespread insecticidal properties, biodegradability, and adaptability to ecological conditions. In this study, we investigated the larvicidal activity and cytotoxicity effects of solvent extracts from three aromatic plants—<i>Curcuma longa</i> (turmeric), <i>Ocimum americanum</i> (hoary basil), and <i>Petroselinum crispum</i> (parsley)—against <i>Aedes albopictus</i>. Subsequently, we examined the phytochemical composition of the extracts through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. Results revealed that the hexane extracts of <i>O. americanum</i> and <i>P. crispum</i> exhibited the greatest larvicidal activity with the lowest median lethal concentration (LC<sub>50</sub>) values (<30 µg/mL) at 24 h post-treatment, with the former found to be significantly less toxic towards African monkey kidney (Vero) cells. The GC–MS analysis of the said extract indicated the presence of different classes of metabolites, including phenylpropanoids, very long-chain alkanes, fatty acids and their derivatives, and terpenes, with the most abundant component being methyl eugenol (55.28%), most of which, have been documented for their larvicidal activities. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential use and development of bioinsecticides, particularly from <i>O. americanum</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:19:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b878e536799446ea9217520a585dccea |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:19:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-b878e536799446ea9217520a585dccea2023-11-18T10:55:51ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502023-06-0114651210.3390/insects14060512Mosquito Larvicidal Activity and Cytotoxicity of the Extracts of Aromatic Plants from MalaysiaHuimei Lim0Sook Yee Lee1Lai Yee Ho2Nam Weng Sit3Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, MalaysiaDepartment of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, MalaysiaDepartment of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, MalaysiaDepartment of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, MalaysiaDespite ongoing control efforts, the mosquito population and diseases vectored by them continue to thrive worldwide, causing major health concerns. There has been growing interest in the use of botanicals as alternatives to insecticides due to their widespread insecticidal properties, biodegradability, and adaptability to ecological conditions. In this study, we investigated the larvicidal activity and cytotoxicity effects of solvent extracts from three aromatic plants—<i>Curcuma longa</i> (turmeric), <i>Ocimum americanum</i> (hoary basil), and <i>Petroselinum crispum</i> (parsley)—against <i>Aedes albopictus</i>. Subsequently, we examined the phytochemical composition of the extracts through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. Results revealed that the hexane extracts of <i>O. americanum</i> and <i>P. crispum</i> exhibited the greatest larvicidal activity with the lowest median lethal concentration (LC<sub>50</sub>) values (<30 µg/mL) at 24 h post-treatment, with the former found to be significantly less toxic towards African monkey kidney (Vero) cells. The GC–MS analysis of the said extract indicated the presence of different classes of metabolites, including phenylpropanoids, very long-chain alkanes, fatty acids and their derivatives, and terpenes, with the most abundant component being methyl eugenol (55.28%), most of which, have been documented for their larvicidal activities. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential use and development of bioinsecticides, particularly from <i>O. americanum</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/6/512<i>Aedes albopictus</i><i>Curcuma longa</i><i>Ocimum americanum</i><i>Petroselinum crispum</i>Gas chromatography–mass spectrometrylethal concentration |
| spellingShingle | Huimei Lim Sook Yee Lee Lai Yee Ho Nam Weng Sit Mosquito Larvicidal Activity and Cytotoxicity of the Extracts of Aromatic Plants from Malaysia Insects <i>Aedes albopictus</i> <i>Curcuma longa</i> <i>Ocimum americanum</i> <i>Petroselinum crispum</i> Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry lethal concentration |
| title | Mosquito Larvicidal Activity and Cytotoxicity of the Extracts of Aromatic Plants from Malaysia |
| title_full | Mosquito Larvicidal Activity and Cytotoxicity of the Extracts of Aromatic Plants from Malaysia |
| title_fullStr | Mosquito Larvicidal Activity and Cytotoxicity of the Extracts of Aromatic Plants from Malaysia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mosquito Larvicidal Activity and Cytotoxicity of the Extracts of Aromatic Plants from Malaysia |
| title_short | Mosquito Larvicidal Activity and Cytotoxicity of the Extracts of Aromatic Plants from Malaysia |
| title_sort | mosquito larvicidal activity and cytotoxicity of the extracts of aromatic plants from malaysia |
| topic | <i>Aedes albopictus</i> <i>Curcuma longa</i> <i>Ocimum americanum</i> <i>Petroselinum crispum</i> Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry lethal concentration |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/6/512 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT huimeilim mosquitolarvicidalactivityandcytotoxicityoftheextractsofaromaticplantsfrommalaysia AT sookyeelee mosquitolarvicidalactivityandcytotoxicityoftheextractsofaromaticplantsfrommalaysia AT laiyeeho mosquitolarvicidalactivityandcytotoxicityoftheextractsofaromaticplantsfrommalaysia AT namwengsit mosquitolarvicidalactivityandcytotoxicityoftheextractsofaromaticplantsfrommalaysia |