Biodegradation of Aqueous Superabsorbents: Kinetic Assessment Using Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis
Biodegradation is an important environmental factor controlling the effectiveness of aqueous superabsorbents for soil conditioning. The purpose of the study is to quantify this process using biological oxygen demand (BOD) analysis of composite superabsorbents with an acrylic polymer matrix, amphiphi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Composites Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-477X/7/4/164 |
| _version_ | 1797604899065692160 |
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| author | Andrey V. Smagin Nadezhda B. Sadovnikova Viktor I. Budnikov |
| author_facet | Andrey V. Smagin Nadezhda B. Sadovnikova Viktor I. Budnikov |
| author_sort | Andrey V. Smagin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Biodegradation is an important environmental factor controlling the effectiveness of aqueous superabsorbents for soil conditioning. The purpose of the study is to quantify this process using biological oxygen demand (BOD) analysis of composite superabsorbents with an acrylic polymer matrix, amphiphilic fillers (humates, peat) and silver ions as an inhibitor of biological activity. A simple kinetic model of BOD is proposed for standardization of the analysis and calculation of polymer half-life after their long-term (60–120 days) incubation in the VELP BOD analyzer (Italy) with automatic control. The half-life of pure hydrogels pre-swollen in distilled water (1:100) at 30 °C varied from 0.8 ± 0.2 to 2.4 ± 1.6 years. The addition of water extract from compost sharply enhances the biodegradation, lowering the half-life up to 40–60 days. Doses of 0.1–1% silver in a polymer matrix or 10–100 ppm in swollen hydrogels increase their half-life by 5–20 times. The discussion part questions the traditional division of aqua superabsorbents into “biodegradable” and “non-biodegradable”, and also analyzes the main advantages and disadvantages of the new methodology for their BOD analysis. The results may be of interest to a wide range of specialists from chemical technologists and biochemists to environmental engineers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:53:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b87e431d5dba46e78914ef47322fb1be |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2504-477X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:53:18Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Composites Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-b87e431d5dba46e78914ef47322fb1be2023-11-17T19:52:36ZengMDPI AGJournal of Composites Science2504-477X2023-04-017416410.3390/jcs7040164Biodegradation of Aqueous Superabsorbents: Kinetic Assessment Using Biological Oxygen Demand AnalysisAndrey V. Smagin0Nadezhda B. Sadovnikova1Viktor I. Budnikov2Soil Science Department and Eurasian Center for Food Security, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, RussiaSoil Science Department and Eurasian Center for Food Security, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, RussiaInstitute of Forest Science, Russian Academy of Sciences (ILAN), 21, Sovetskaya, Uspenskoe, 143030 Moscow, RussiaBiodegradation is an important environmental factor controlling the effectiveness of aqueous superabsorbents for soil conditioning. The purpose of the study is to quantify this process using biological oxygen demand (BOD) analysis of composite superabsorbents with an acrylic polymer matrix, amphiphilic fillers (humates, peat) and silver ions as an inhibitor of biological activity. A simple kinetic model of BOD is proposed for standardization of the analysis and calculation of polymer half-life after their long-term (60–120 days) incubation in the VELP BOD analyzer (Italy) with automatic control. The half-life of pure hydrogels pre-swollen in distilled water (1:100) at 30 °C varied from 0.8 ± 0.2 to 2.4 ± 1.6 years. The addition of water extract from compost sharply enhances the biodegradation, lowering the half-life up to 40–60 days. Doses of 0.1–1% silver in a polymer matrix or 10–100 ppm in swollen hydrogels increase their half-life by 5–20 times. The discussion part questions the traditional division of aqua superabsorbents into “biodegradable” and “non-biodegradable”, and also analyzes the main advantages and disadvantages of the new methodology for their BOD analysis. The results may be of interest to a wide range of specialists from chemical technologists and biochemists to environmental engineers.https://www.mdpi.com/2504-477X/7/4/164biodegradationcomposite materialsgel-forming superabsorbentsincubationbiological oxygen demandBOD respirometric sensors |
| spellingShingle | Andrey V. Smagin Nadezhda B. Sadovnikova Viktor I. Budnikov Biodegradation of Aqueous Superabsorbents: Kinetic Assessment Using Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis Journal of Composites Science biodegradation composite materials gel-forming superabsorbents incubation biological oxygen demand BOD respirometric sensors |
| title | Biodegradation of Aqueous Superabsorbents: Kinetic Assessment Using Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis |
| title_full | Biodegradation of Aqueous Superabsorbents: Kinetic Assessment Using Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Biodegradation of Aqueous Superabsorbents: Kinetic Assessment Using Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biodegradation of Aqueous Superabsorbents: Kinetic Assessment Using Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis |
| title_short | Biodegradation of Aqueous Superabsorbents: Kinetic Assessment Using Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis |
| title_sort | biodegradation of aqueous superabsorbents kinetic assessment using biological oxygen demand analysis |
| topic | biodegradation composite materials gel-forming superabsorbents incubation biological oxygen demand BOD respirometric sensors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-477X/7/4/164 |
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