Anion–Cation Co-Doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Porous Nanotubes with Efficient Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> Evolution Performance
Graphitic C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-based materials are promising for photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> evolution applications, but they still suffer from low photocatalytic activity due to the insufficient light absorption, unfavorable structure and fast recombinatio...
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Serija: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online pristup: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/17/2929 |
| _version_ | 1827665428304887808 |
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| author | Xiaohan Zhang Tong Li Chun Hu Xiutong Yan Kai Qiao Zhihong Chen |
| author_facet | Xiaohan Zhang Tong Li Chun Hu Xiutong Yan Kai Qiao Zhihong Chen |
| author_sort | Xiaohan Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Graphitic C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-based materials are promising for photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> evolution applications, but they still suffer from low photocatalytic activity due to the insufficient light absorption, unfavorable structure and fast recombination of photogenerated charge. Herein, a novel anion–cation co-doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> porous nanotube is successfully synthesized using a self-assembly impregnation-assisted polymerization method. Ni ions on the surface of the self-assembly nanorod precursor can not only cooperate with H<sub>3</sub>P gas from the thermal cracking of NaH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>2</sub> as an anion–cation co-doping source, but, more importantly, suppress the shape-collapsing effect of the etching of H<sub>3</sub>P gas due to the strong coordinate bonding of Ni-P, which leads to a Ni and P co-doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> porous nanotube (PNCNT). Ni and P co-doping can build a new intermediate state near the conduction band in the bandgap of the PNCNT, and the porous nanotube structure gives it a higher BET surface area and light reflection path, showing a synergistic ability to broaden the visible-light absorption, facilitate photogenerated charge separation and the light-electron excitation rate of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> and provide more reaction sites for photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> evolution reaction. Therefore, as expected, the PNCNT exhibits an excellent photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> evolution rate of 240.91 μmol·g<sup>−1</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup>, which is 30.5, 3.8 and 27.8 times as that of the pure g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanotube (CNT), single Ni-doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanotube (NCNT) and single P-doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanotube (PCNT), respectively. Moreover, the PNCNT shows good stability and long-term photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> production activity, which makes it a promising candidate for practical applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:28:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b8a7a75757c3400c8f6548b4cf23d9a9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:28:03Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
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| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-b8a7a75757c3400c8f6548b4cf23d9a92023-11-23T13:48:00ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912022-08-011217292910.3390/nano12172929Anion–Cation Co-Doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Porous Nanotubes with Efficient Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> Evolution PerformanceXiaohan Zhang0Tong Li1Chun Hu2Xiutong Yan3Kai Qiao4Zhihong Chen5Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaSchool of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, ChinaInstitute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaInstitute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaInstitute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaInstitute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaGraphitic C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-based materials are promising for photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> evolution applications, but they still suffer from low photocatalytic activity due to the insufficient light absorption, unfavorable structure and fast recombination of photogenerated charge. Herein, a novel anion–cation co-doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> porous nanotube is successfully synthesized using a self-assembly impregnation-assisted polymerization method. Ni ions on the surface of the self-assembly nanorod precursor can not only cooperate with H<sub>3</sub>P gas from the thermal cracking of NaH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>2</sub> as an anion–cation co-doping source, but, more importantly, suppress the shape-collapsing effect of the etching of H<sub>3</sub>P gas due to the strong coordinate bonding of Ni-P, which leads to a Ni and P co-doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> porous nanotube (PNCNT). Ni and P co-doping can build a new intermediate state near the conduction band in the bandgap of the PNCNT, and the porous nanotube structure gives it a higher BET surface area and light reflection path, showing a synergistic ability to broaden the visible-light absorption, facilitate photogenerated charge separation and the light-electron excitation rate of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> and provide more reaction sites for photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> evolution reaction. Therefore, as expected, the PNCNT exhibits an excellent photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> evolution rate of 240.91 μmol·g<sup>−1</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup>, which is 30.5, 3.8 and 27.8 times as that of the pure g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanotube (CNT), single Ni-doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanotube (NCNT) and single P-doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanotube (PCNT), respectively. Moreover, the PNCNT shows good stability and long-term photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> production activity, which makes it a promising candidate for practical applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/17/2929photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> evolutiong-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>anion–cation co-dopingnanotube |
| spellingShingle | Xiaohan Zhang Tong Li Chun Hu Xiutong Yan Kai Qiao Zhihong Chen Anion–Cation Co-Doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Porous Nanotubes with Efficient Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> Evolution Performance Nanomaterials photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> evolution g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> anion–cation co-doping nanotube |
| title | Anion–Cation Co-Doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Porous Nanotubes with Efficient Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> Evolution Performance |
| title_full | Anion–Cation Co-Doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Porous Nanotubes with Efficient Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> Evolution Performance |
| title_fullStr | Anion–Cation Co-Doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Porous Nanotubes with Efficient Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> Evolution Performance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anion–Cation Co-Doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Porous Nanotubes with Efficient Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> Evolution Performance |
| title_short | Anion–Cation Co-Doped g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Porous Nanotubes with Efficient Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> Evolution Performance |
| title_sort | anion cation co doped g c sub 3 sub n sub 4 sub porous nanotubes with efficient photocatalytic h sub 2 sub evolution performance |
| topic | photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> evolution g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> anion–cation co-doping nanotube |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/17/2929 |
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