Exocrine Pancreatic Maturation in Pre-term and Term Piglets Supplemented With Bovine Colostrum
Pre-term infants have an immature digestive system predisposing to short- and long-term complications including feeding intolerance, maldigestion and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Optimal feeding strategies are required to promote maturation of the gut including the exocrine pancreas. Little is k...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.687056/full |
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| author | Ester Arévalo Sureda Ester Arévalo Sureda Ester Arévalo Sureda Kateryna Pierzynowska Kateryna Pierzynowska Björn Weström Per Torp Sangild Per Torp Sangild Per Torp Sangild Thomas Thymann |
| author_facet | Ester Arévalo Sureda Ester Arévalo Sureda Ester Arévalo Sureda Kateryna Pierzynowska Kateryna Pierzynowska Björn Weström Per Torp Sangild Per Torp Sangild Per Torp Sangild Thomas Thymann |
| author_sort | Ester Arévalo Sureda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pre-term infants have an immature digestive system predisposing to short- and long-term complications including feeding intolerance, maldigestion and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Optimal feeding strategies are required to promote maturation of the gut including the exocrine pancreas. Little is known about age- and diet-related development of pancreatic exocrine enzymes following pre-term birth. Currently, bovine colostrum supplementation is investigated in clinical trials on pre-term infants. Using pigs as models for infants, we hypothesized that pancreatic enzyme content is (1) immature following pre-term birth, (2) stimulated by early colostrum supplementation, and (3) stimulated by later colostrum fortification. Thus, using piglets as models for infants, we measured trypsin, amylase, lipase and total protein in pancreatic tissue collected from piglets delivered by cesarean section either pre-term (90% gestation) or close to term. Experiment 1:Pre-term and term pigs were compared at birth and 11 days. Experiment 2: Pre-term and term pigs were either enterally supplemented with bovine colostrum or fed total parenteral nutrition for 5 days, followed by exclusive milk feeding until day 26. Experiment 3: Pre-term pigs were fed bovine's milk with or without colostrum fortification until 19 days. The results showed that pancreatic trypsin, amylase and total protein contents were reduced in pre-term vs. term pigs. Trypsin mainly increased with advancing post-conceptional age (2-fold), while amylase was affected predominantly by advancing post-natal age, and mostly in pre-term pigs from birth to 11 or 26 days. Colostrum feeding in both term and pre-term piglets decreased trypsin and increased amylase contents. Lipase activity decreased with advancing gestational age at birth and post-natal age, with no consistent responses to colostrum feeding, with lipase activities decreasing relative to total pancreatic protein content. In summary, key pancreatic enzymes, amylase and trypsin, are immature following pre-term birth, potentially contributing to reduced digestive capacity in pre-term neonates. Rapid post-natal increases occurs within few weeks of pre-term birth, partly stimulated by enteral colostrum intake, reflecting a marked adaptation capacity. Alternatively, lipase is less affected by pre-/post-natal age and feeding. Thus, there is a highly enzyme-specific and asymmetric perinatal development of the exocrine pancreas. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T02:50:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b8b12396ead84b6eb1bcfe5bacf80827 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T02:50:54Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-b8b12396ead84b6eb1bcfe5bacf808272022-12-21T19:56:02ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2021-06-01810.3389/fnut.2021.687056687056Exocrine Pancreatic Maturation in Pre-term and Term Piglets Supplemented With Bovine ColostrumEster Arévalo Sureda0Ester Arévalo Sureda1Ester Arévalo Sureda2Kateryna Pierzynowska3Kateryna Pierzynowska4Björn Weström5Per Torp Sangild6Per Torp Sangild7Per Torp Sangild8Thomas Thymann9Precision Livestock and Nutrition/TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Biotech, University of Liège, Gembloux, BelgiumFunctional Zoology, Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, SwedenSection of Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkFunctional Zoology, Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, SwedenDepartment of Animal Physiology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Jabłonna, PolandFunctional Zoology, Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, SwedenSection of Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Neonatology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, DenmarkDepartment of Pediatrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, DenmarkSection of Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkPre-term infants have an immature digestive system predisposing to short- and long-term complications including feeding intolerance, maldigestion and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Optimal feeding strategies are required to promote maturation of the gut including the exocrine pancreas. Little is known about age- and diet-related development of pancreatic exocrine enzymes following pre-term birth. Currently, bovine colostrum supplementation is investigated in clinical trials on pre-term infants. Using pigs as models for infants, we hypothesized that pancreatic enzyme content is (1) immature following pre-term birth, (2) stimulated by early colostrum supplementation, and (3) stimulated by later colostrum fortification. Thus, using piglets as models for infants, we measured trypsin, amylase, lipase and total protein in pancreatic tissue collected from piglets delivered by cesarean section either pre-term (90% gestation) or close to term. Experiment 1:Pre-term and term pigs were compared at birth and 11 days. Experiment 2: Pre-term and term pigs were either enterally supplemented with bovine colostrum or fed total parenteral nutrition for 5 days, followed by exclusive milk feeding until day 26. Experiment 3: Pre-term pigs were fed bovine's milk with or without colostrum fortification until 19 days. The results showed that pancreatic trypsin, amylase and total protein contents were reduced in pre-term vs. term pigs. Trypsin mainly increased with advancing post-conceptional age (2-fold), while amylase was affected predominantly by advancing post-natal age, and mostly in pre-term pigs from birth to 11 or 26 days. Colostrum feeding in both term and pre-term piglets decreased trypsin and increased amylase contents. Lipase activity decreased with advancing gestational age at birth and post-natal age, with no consistent responses to colostrum feeding, with lipase activities decreasing relative to total pancreatic protein content. In summary, key pancreatic enzymes, amylase and trypsin, are immature following pre-term birth, potentially contributing to reduced digestive capacity in pre-term neonates. Rapid post-natal increases occurs within few weeks of pre-term birth, partly stimulated by enteral colostrum intake, reflecting a marked adaptation capacity. Alternatively, lipase is less affected by pre-/post-natal age and feeding. Thus, there is a highly enzyme-specific and asymmetric perinatal development of the exocrine pancreas.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.687056/fullenzymestrypsinamylaselipaseimmaturitydevelopment |
| spellingShingle | Ester Arévalo Sureda Ester Arévalo Sureda Ester Arévalo Sureda Kateryna Pierzynowska Kateryna Pierzynowska Björn Weström Per Torp Sangild Per Torp Sangild Per Torp Sangild Thomas Thymann Exocrine Pancreatic Maturation in Pre-term and Term Piglets Supplemented With Bovine Colostrum Frontiers in Nutrition enzymes trypsin amylase lipase immaturity development |
| title | Exocrine Pancreatic Maturation in Pre-term and Term Piglets Supplemented With Bovine Colostrum |
| title_full | Exocrine Pancreatic Maturation in Pre-term and Term Piglets Supplemented With Bovine Colostrum |
| title_fullStr | Exocrine Pancreatic Maturation in Pre-term and Term Piglets Supplemented With Bovine Colostrum |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exocrine Pancreatic Maturation in Pre-term and Term Piglets Supplemented With Bovine Colostrum |
| title_short | Exocrine Pancreatic Maturation in Pre-term and Term Piglets Supplemented With Bovine Colostrum |
| title_sort | exocrine pancreatic maturation in pre term and term piglets supplemented with bovine colostrum |
| topic | enzymes trypsin amylase lipase immaturity development |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2021.687056/full |
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