Designing Safer and Greener Antibiotics

Since the production of the first pharmaceutically active molecules at the beginning of the 1900s, drug molecules and their metabolites have been observed in the environment in significant concentrations. In this review, the persistence of antibiotics in the environment and their associated effects...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Nicholas Gathergood, Andrew Jordan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2013-09-01
Series:Antibiotics
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/2/3/419
Description
Summary:Since the production of the first pharmaceutically active molecules at the beginning of the 1900s, drug molecules and their metabolites have been observed in the environment in significant concentrations. In this review, the persistence of antibiotics in the environment and their associated effects on ecosystems, bacterial resistance and health effects will be examined. Solutions to these problems will also be discussed, including the pharmaceutical industries input, green chemistry, computer modeling and representative ionic liquid research.
ISSN:2079-6382