The Human Oral Microbiome in Health and Disease: From Sequences to Ecosystems
The human oral cavity is home to an abundant and diverse microbial community (i.e., the oral microbiome), whose composition and roles in health and disease have been the focus of intense research in recent years. Thanks to developments in sequencing-based approaches, such as 16S ribosomal RNA metaba...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-02-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/2/308 |
| _version_ | 1828202801920999424 |
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| author | Jesse R. Willis Toni Gabaldón |
| author_facet | Jesse R. Willis Toni Gabaldón |
| author_sort | Jesse R. Willis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The human oral cavity is home to an abundant and diverse microbial community (i.e., the oral microbiome), whose composition and roles in health and disease have been the focus of intense research in recent years. Thanks to developments in sequencing-based approaches, such as 16S ribosomal RNA metabarcoding, whole metagenome shotgun sequencing, or meta-transcriptomics, we now can efficiently explore the diversity and roles of oral microbes, even if unculturable. Recent sequencing-based studies have charted oral ecosystems and how they change due to lifestyle or disease conditions. As studies progress, there is increasing evidence of an important role of the oral microbiome in diverse health conditions, which are not limited to diseases of the oral cavity. This, in turn, opens new avenues for microbiome-based diagnostics and therapeutics that benefit from the easy accessibility of the oral cavity for microbiome monitoring and manipulation. Yet, many challenges remain ahead. In this review, we survey the main sequencing-based methodologies that are currently used to explore the oral microbiome and highlight major findings enabled by these approaches. Finally, we discuss future prospects in the field. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T11:55:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b8baf8b731574a92a395c9f0abcb5e4b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T11:55:08Z |
| publishDate | 2020-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-b8baf8b731574a92a395c9f0abcb5e4b2022-12-22T03:34:02ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072020-02-018230810.3390/microorganisms8020308microorganisms8020308The Human Oral Microbiome in Health and Disease: From Sequences to EcosystemsJesse R. Willis0Toni Gabaldón1Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BCS-CNS), Jordi Girona, 29., 08034 Barcelona, SpainBarcelona Supercomputing Centre (BCS-CNS), Jordi Girona, 29., 08034 Barcelona, SpainThe human oral cavity is home to an abundant and diverse microbial community (i.e., the oral microbiome), whose composition and roles in health and disease have been the focus of intense research in recent years. Thanks to developments in sequencing-based approaches, such as 16S ribosomal RNA metabarcoding, whole metagenome shotgun sequencing, or meta-transcriptomics, we now can efficiently explore the diversity and roles of oral microbes, even if unculturable. Recent sequencing-based studies have charted oral ecosystems and how they change due to lifestyle or disease conditions. As studies progress, there is increasing evidence of an important role of the oral microbiome in diverse health conditions, which are not limited to diseases of the oral cavity. This, in turn, opens new avenues for microbiome-based diagnostics and therapeutics that benefit from the easy accessibility of the oral cavity for microbiome monitoring and manipulation. Yet, many challenges remain ahead. In this review, we survey the main sequencing-based methodologies that are currently used to explore the oral microbiome and highlight major findings enabled by these approaches. Finally, we discuss future prospects in the field.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/2/308oral microbiomenext generation sequencingoral diseasessystemic diseasesstomatotypesmicrobiome perturbations |
| spellingShingle | Jesse R. Willis Toni Gabaldón The Human Oral Microbiome in Health and Disease: From Sequences to Ecosystems Microorganisms oral microbiome next generation sequencing oral diseases systemic diseases stomatotypes microbiome perturbations |
| title | The Human Oral Microbiome in Health and Disease: From Sequences to Ecosystems |
| title_full | The Human Oral Microbiome in Health and Disease: From Sequences to Ecosystems |
| title_fullStr | The Human Oral Microbiome in Health and Disease: From Sequences to Ecosystems |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Human Oral Microbiome in Health and Disease: From Sequences to Ecosystems |
| title_short | The Human Oral Microbiome in Health and Disease: From Sequences to Ecosystems |
| title_sort | human oral microbiome in health and disease from sequences to ecosystems |
| topic | oral microbiome next generation sequencing oral diseases systemic diseases stomatotypes microbiome perturbations |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/2/308 |
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