Dielectric Spectroscopy Studies and Modelling of Piezoelectric Properties of Multiferroic Ceramics
Compounds and solid solutions of bismuth ferrite (BiFeO<sub>3</sub>)—barium titanate (BaTiO<sub>3</sub>) system are of great scientific and engineering interest as multiferroic and potential high-temperature lead-free piezoelectric materials. In the present paper, the results...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| author | Agata Lisińska-Czekaj Dionizy Czekaj Barbara Garbarz-Glos Wojciech Bąk Temesgen Tadeyos Zate Jae-Ho Jeon |
| author_facet | Agata Lisińska-Czekaj Dionizy Czekaj Barbara Garbarz-Glos Wojciech Bąk Temesgen Tadeyos Zate Jae-Ho Jeon |
| author_sort | Agata Lisińska-Czekaj |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Compounds and solid solutions of bismuth ferrite (BiFeO<sub>3</sub>)—barium titanate (BaTiO<sub>3</sub>) system are of great scientific and engineering interest as multiferroic and potential high-temperature lead-free piezoelectric materials. In the present paper, the results of research on the synthesis and characterisation of 0.67Bi<sub>1</sub>.<sub>02</sub>FeO<sub>3</sub>–0.33BaTiO<sub>3</sub> (67BFBT) ceramics in terms of crystal structure and dielectric and piezoelectric properties are reported. It was found that the produced 67BFBT ceramics were characterised by a tetragonal crystal structure described by the <i>P4mm</i> space group, an average crystallite size <<i>D</i>> ≈ 80 nm, and an average strain <<i>ε</i>> = 0.01%. Broad-band dielectric spectroscopy (BBDS) was employed to characterise the dielectric response of polycrystalline ceramics. The frequency range from <i>ν</i> = 10<sup>−1</sup> Hz to <i>ν</i> = 10<sup>5</sup> Hz was used to characterise the influence of the electric field strength on dielectric response of the ceramic sample at room temperature. The dielectric spectra were checked for consistency with the Kramers–Kronig test, and the high quality of the measurements were confirmed. The electric equivalent circuit method was used to fit the dielectric spectra within the frequency range that corresponded to the occurrence of the resonant spectra of the radial mode for thin disk sample, i.e., from <i>ν</i> = 10<sup>5</sup> Hz to <i>ν</i> = 10<sup>7</sup> Hz and the temperature range from <i>T</i> = −20 °C to <i>T</i> = 50 °C. The electric equivalent circuit [R<sub>s</sub>CPE<sub>1</sub>([L<sub>1</sub>R<sub>1</sub>C<sub>1</sub>]C<sub>0</sub>)] was used, and good fitting quality was reached. The relevant calculations were performed, and it was found that the piezoelectric charge coefficient exhibited a value of <i>d</i><sub>31</sub> = 35 pC/N and the planar coupling factor was <i>k</i><sub>p</sub> = 31% at room temperature. Analysis of impedance spectra performed in terms of circumferential magnetic field made it possible to establish an influence of magnetic field on piezoelectric parameters of 67BFBT multiferroic ceramics. Additionally, the “magnetic” tunability of the modulus of the complex dielectric permittivity makes 67BFBT a sensing material with vast potential. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:49:03Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-b8e95167ef60446abc1c3e097df355342023-11-18T09:10:26ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-06-011312719310.3390/app13127193Dielectric Spectroscopy Studies and Modelling of Piezoelectric Properties of Multiferroic CeramicsAgata Lisińska-Czekaj0Dionizy Czekaj1Barbara Garbarz-Glos2Wojciech Bąk3Temesgen Tadeyos Zate4Jae-Ho Jeon5Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdańsk, PolandFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdańsk, PolandInstitute of Technology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, 2 Podchorążych Str., 30-084 Kraków, PolandInstitute of Technology, Pedagogical University of Cracow, 2 Podchorążych Str., 30-084 Kraków, PolandSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Functional Powder Materials, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon 51508, Republic of KoreaCompounds and solid solutions of bismuth ferrite (BiFeO<sub>3</sub>)—barium titanate (BaTiO<sub>3</sub>) system are of great scientific and engineering interest as multiferroic and potential high-temperature lead-free piezoelectric materials. In the present paper, the results of research on the synthesis and characterisation of 0.67Bi<sub>1</sub>.<sub>02</sub>FeO<sub>3</sub>–0.33BaTiO<sub>3</sub> (67BFBT) ceramics in terms of crystal structure and dielectric and piezoelectric properties are reported. It was found that the produced 67BFBT ceramics were characterised by a tetragonal crystal structure described by the <i>P4mm</i> space group, an average crystallite size <<i>D</i>> ≈ 80 nm, and an average strain <<i>ε</i>> = 0.01%. Broad-band dielectric spectroscopy (BBDS) was employed to characterise the dielectric response of polycrystalline ceramics. The frequency range from <i>ν</i> = 10<sup>−1</sup> Hz to <i>ν</i> = 10<sup>5</sup> Hz was used to characterise the influence of the electric field strength on dielectric response of the ceramic sample at room temperature. The dielectric spectra were checked for consistency with the Kramers–Kronig test, and the high quality of the measurements were confirmed. The electric equivalent circuit method was used to fit the dielectric spectra within the frequency range that corresponded to the occurrence of the resonant spectra of the radial mode for thin disk sample, i.e., from <i>ν</i> = 10<sup>5</sup> Hz to <i>ν</i> = 10<sup>7</sup> Hz and the temperature range from <i>T</i> = −20 °C to <i>T</i> = 50 °C. The electric equivalent circuit [R<sub>s</sub>CPE<sub>1</sub>([L<sub>1</sub>R<sub>1</sub>C<sub>1</sub>]C<sub>0</sub>)] was used, and good fitting quality was reached. The relevant calculations were performed, and it was found that the piezoelectric charge coefficient exhibited a value of <i>d</i><sub>31</sub> = 35 pC/N and the planar coupling factor was <i>k</i><sub>p</sub> = 31% at room temperature. Analysis of impedance spectra performed in terms of circumferential magnetic field made it possible to establish an influence of magnetic field on piezoelectric parameters of 67BFBT multiferroic ceramics. Additionally, the “magnetic” tunability of the modulus of the complex dielectric permittivity makes 67BFBT a sensing material with vast potential.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/12/7193electroceramicsstructureimpedance spectroscopypiezoelectric propertiesmodelling“magnetic” tunability |
| spellingShingle | Agata Lisińska-Czekaj Dionizy Czekaj Barbara Garbarz-Glos Wojciech Bąk Temesgen Tadeyos Zate Jae-Ho Jeon Dielectric Spectroscopy Studies and Modelling of Piezoelectric Properties of Multiferroic Ceramics Applied Sciences electroceramics structure impedance spectroscopy piezoelectric properties modelling “magnetic” tunability |
| title | Dielectric Spectroscopy Studies and Modelling of Piezoelectric Properties of Multiferroic Ceramics |
| title_full | Dielectric Spectroscopy Studies and Modelling of Piezoelectric Properties of Multiferroic Ceramics |
| title_fullStr | Dielectric Spectroscopy Studies and Modelling of Piezoelectric Properties of Multiferroic Ceramics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dielectric Spectroscopy Studies and Modelling of Piezoelectric Properties of Multiferroic Ceramics |
| title_short | Dielectric Spectroscopy Studies and Modelling of Piezoelectric Properties of Multiferroic Ceramics |
| title_sort | dielectric spectroscopy studies and modelling of piezoelectric properties of multiferroic ceramics |
| topic | electroceramics structure impedance spectroscopy piezoelectric properties modelling “magnetic” tunability |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/12/7193 |
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