New insights into the anti-inflammatory actions of aspirin- induction of nitric oxide through the generation of epi-lipoxins
Aspirin has always remained an enigmatic drug. Not only does it present with new benefits for treating an ever-expanding list of apparently unrelated diseases at an astounding rate but also because aspirin enhances our understanding of the nature of these diseases processe. Originally, the beneficia...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)
2005-03-01
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| Series: | Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02762005000900009 |
| _version_ | 1797718245823741952 |
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| author | Derek W Gilroy |
| author_facet | Derek W Gilroy |
| author_sort | Derek W Gilroy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aspirin has always remained an enigmatic drug. Not only does it present with new benefits for treating an ever-expanding list of apparently unrelated diseases at an astounding rate but also because aspirin enhances our understanding of the nature of these diseases processe. Originally, the beneficial effects of aspirin were shown to stem from its inhibition of cyclooxygenase-derived prostaglandins, fatty acid metabolites that modulate host defense. However, in addition to inhibiting cyclooxygenase activity aspirin can also inhibit pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, gene expression and other factors distinct from eicosanoid biosynthesis that drive inflammation as well as enhance the synthesis of endogenous protective anti-inflammatory factors. Its true mechanism of action in anti-inflammation remains unclear. Here the data from a series of recent experiments proposing that one of aspirin's predominant roles in inflammation is the induction of nitric oxide, which potently inhibits leukocyte/endothelium interaction during acute inflammation, will be discussed. It will be argued that this nitric oxide-inducing effects are exclusive to aspirin due to its unique ability, among the family of traditional anti-inflammatory drugs, to acetylate the active site of inducible cyclooxygenase and generate a family of lipid mediators called the epi-lipoxins that are increasingly being shown to have profound roles in a range of host defense responses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T08:48:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b8f52923069f46629ec1c9e12c2d8fd5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0074-0276 1678-8060 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T08:48:05Z |
| publishDate | 2005-03-01 |
| publisher | Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz |
| spelling | doaj.art-b8f52923069f46629ec1c9e12c2d8fd52023-09-02T16:25:06ZengFundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ)Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz0074-02761678-80602005-03-01100495410.1590/S0074-02762005000900009New insights into the anti-inflammatory actions of aspirin- induction of nitric oxide through the generation of epi-lipoxinsDerek W GilroyAspirin has always remained an enigmatic drug. Not only does it present with new benefits for treating an ever-expanding list of apparently unrelated diseases at an astounding rate but also because aspirin enhances our understanding of the nature of these diseases processe. Originally, the beneficial effects of aspirin were shown to stem from its inhibition of cyclooxygenase-derived prostaglandins, fatty acid metabolites that modulate host defense. However, in addition to inhibiting cyclooxygenase activity aspirin can also inhibit pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, gene expression and other factors distinct from eicosanoid biosynthesis that drive inflammation as well as enhance the synthesis of endogenous protective anti-inflammatory factors. Its true mechanism of action in anti-inflammation remains unclear. Here the data from a series of recent experiments proposing that one of aspirin's predominant roles in inflammation is the induction of nitric oxide, which potently inhibits leukocyte/endothelium interaction during acute inflammation, will be discussed. It will be argued that this nitric oxide-inducing effects are exclusive to aspirin due to its unique ability, among the family of traditional anti-inflammatory drugs, to acetylate the active site of inducible cyclooxygenase and generate a family of lipid mediators called the epi-lipoxins that are increasingly being shown to have profound roles in a range of host defense responses.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02762005000900009eicosanoidscell traffickingacute inflammation |
| spellingShingle | Derek W Gilroy New insights into the anti-inflammatory actions of aspirin- induction of nitric oxide through the generation of epi-lipoxins Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz eicosanoids cell trafficking acute inflammation |
| title | New insights into the anti-inflammatory actions of aspirin- induction of nitric oxide through the generation of epi-lipoxins |
| title_full | New insights into the anti-inflammatory actions of aspirin- induction of nitric oxide through the generation of epi-lipoxins |
| title_fullStr | New insights into the anti-inflammatory actions of aspirin- induction of nitric oxide through the generation of epi-lipoxins |
| title_full_unstemmed | New insights into the anti-inflammatory actions of aspirin- induction of nitric oxide through the generation of epi-lipoxins |
| title_short | New insights into the anti-inflammatory actions of aspirin- induction of nitric oxide through the generation of epi-lipoxins |
| title_sort | new insights into the anti inflammatory actions of aspirin induction of nitric oxide through the generation of epi lipoxins |
| topic | eicosanoids cell trafficking acute inflammation |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02762005000900009 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT derekwgilroy newinsightsintotheantiinflammatoryactionsofaspirininductionofnitricoxidethroughthegenerationofepilipoxins |