GO/TiO<sub>2</sub>-Related Nanocomposites as Photocatalysts for Pollutant Removal in Wastewater Treatment
Water pollution has been a prevalent issue globally for some time. Some pollutants are released into the water system without treatment, making the water not suitable for consumption. This problem may lead to more grave problems in the future including the destruction of the ecosystem along with the...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/19/3536 |
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| author | Ethan Dern Huang Kong Jenny Hui Foong Chau Chin Wei Lai Cheng Seong Khe Gaurav Sharma Amit Kumar Suchart Siengchin Mavinkere Rangappa Sanjay |
| author_facet | Ethan Dern Huang Kong Jenny Hui Foong Chau Chin Wei Lai Cheng Seong Khe Gaurav Sharma Amit Kumar Suchart Siengchin Mavinkere Rangappa Sanjay |
| author_sort | Ethan Dern Huang Kong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Water pollution has been a prevalent issue globally for some time. Some pollutants are released into the water system without treatment, making the water not suitable for consumption. This problem may lead to more grave problems in the future including the destruction of the ecosystem along with the organisms inhabiting it, and illness and diseases endangering human health. Conventional methods have been implemented to remove hazardous pollutants such as dyes, heavy metals, and oil but are incapable of doing so due to economic restraints and the inability to degrade the pollutants, leading to secondary pollution. Photocatalysis is a more recently applied concept and is proven to be able to completely remove and degrade pollutants into simpler organic compounds. Titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) is a fine example of a photocatalyst owing to its cost-effectiveness and superb efficiency. However, issues such as the high recombination rate of photogenerated electrons along with positive holes while being only limited to UV irradiation need to be addressed. Carbonaceous materials such as graphene oxide (GO) can overcome such issues by reducing the recombination rate and providing a platform for adsorption accompanied by photocatalytic degradation of TiO<sub>2</sub>. The history and development of the synthesis of GO will be discussed, followed by the methods used for GO/TiO<sub>2</sub> synthesis. The hybrid of GO/TiO<sub>2</sub> as a photocatalyst has received some attention in the application of wastewater treatment due to its efficiency and it being environmentally benign. This review paper thereby aims to identify the origins of different pollutants followed by the sickness they may potentially inflict. Recent findings, including that GO/TiO<sub>2</sub>-related nanocomposites can remove pollutants from the water system, and on the photodegradation mechanism for pollutants including aromatic dyes, heavy metal and crude oil, will be briefly discussed in this review. Moreover, several crucial factors that affect the performance of photocatalysis in pollutant removal will be discussed as well. Therefore, this paper presents a critical review of recent achievements in the use of GO/TiO<sub>2</sub>-related nanocomposites and photocatalysis for removing various pollutants in wastewater treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:21:08Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:21:08Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-b94d7bad67574f5a81aed83c79d9d2d72023-11-23T21:21:42ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912022-10-011219353610.3390/nano12193536GO/TiO<sub>2</sub>-Related Nanocomposites as Photocatalysts for Pollutant Removal in Wastewater TreatmentEthan Dern Huang Kong0Jenny Hui Foong Chau1Chin Wei Lai2Cheng Seong Khe3Gaurav Sharma4Amit Kumar5Suchart Siengchin6Mavinkere Rangappa Sanjay7Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaNanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaNanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, MalaysiaDepartment of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Seri Iskandar 32610, MalaysiaNanshan District Key Lab for Biopolymer and Safety Evaluation, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Material Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaInternational Research Center of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University, Solan 173229, IndiaNatural Composites Research Group Lab, Department of Materials and Production Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok 10800, ThailandNatural Composites Research Group Lab, Department of Materials and Production Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok 10800, ThailandWater pollution has been a prevalent issue globally for some time. Some pollutants are released into the water system without treatment, making the water not suitable for consumption. This problem may lead to more grave problems in the future including the destruction of the ecosystem along with the organisms inhabiting it, and illness and diseases endangering human health. Conventional methods have been implemented to remove hazardous pollutants such as dyes, heavy metals, and oil but are incapable of doing so due to economic restraints and the inability to degrade the pollutants, leading to secondary pollution. Photocatalysis is a more recently applied concept and is proven to be able to completely remove and degrade pollutants into simpler organic compounds. Titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) is a fine example of a photocatalyst owing to its cost-effectiveness and superb efficiency. However, issues such as the high recombination rate of photogenerated electrons along with positive holes while being only limited to UV irradiation need to be addressed. Carbonaceous materials such as graphene oxide (GO) can overcome such issues by reducing the recombination rate and providing a platform for adsorption accompanied by photocatalytic degradation of TiO<sub>2</sub>. The history and development of the synthesis of GO will be discussed, followed by the methods used for GO/TiO<sub>2</sub> synthesis. The hybrid of GO/TiO<sub>2</sub> as a photocatalyst has received some attention in the application of wastewater treatment due to its efficiency and it being environmentally benign. This review paper thereby aims to identify the origins of different pollutants followed by the sickness they may potentially inflict. Recent findings, including that GO/TiO<sub>2</sub>-related nanocomposites can remove pollutants from the water system, and on the photodegradation mechanism for pollutants including aromatic dyes, heavy metal and crude oil, will be briefly discussed in this review. Moreover, several crucial factors that affect the performance of photocatalysis in pollutant removal will be discussed as well. Therefore, this paper presents a critical review of recent achievements in the use of GO/TiO<sub>2</sub>-related nanocomposites and photocatalysis for removing various pollutants in wastewater treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/19/3536graphene oxidetitanium dioxidephotocatalysisdyeheavy metalsoil |
| spellingShingle | Ethan Dern Huang Kong Jenny Hui Foong Chau Chin Wei Lai Cheng Seong Khe Gaurav Sharma Amit Kumar Suchart Siengchin Mavinkere Rangappa Sanjay GO/TiO<sub>2</sub>-Related Nanocomposites as Photocatalysts for Pollutant Removal in Wastewater Treatment Nanomaterials graphene oxide titanium dioxide photocatalysis dye heavy metals oil |
| title | GO/TiO<sub>2</sub>-Related Nanocomposites as Photocatalysts for Pollutant Removal in Wastewater Treatment |
| title_full | GO/TiO<sub>2</sub>-Related Nanocomposites as Photocatalysts for Pollutant Removal in Wastewater Treatment |
| title_fullStr | GO/TiO<sub>2</sub>-Related Nanocomposites as Photocatalysts for Pollutant Removal in Wastewater Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | GO/TiO<sub>2</sub>-Related Nanocomposites as Photocatalysts for Pollutant Removal in Wastewater Treatment |
| title_short | GO/TiO<sub>2</sub>-Related Nanocomposites as Photocatalysts for Pollutant Removal in Wastewater Treatment |
| title_sort | go tio sub 2 sub related nanocomposites as photocatalysts for pollutant removal in wastewater treatment |
| topic | graphene oxide titanium dioxide photocatalysis dye heavy metals oil |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/19/3536 |
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