Fungal Pathogens Associated with Strawberry Crown Rot Disease in China
Strawberry crown rot (SCR) is a serious disease that is generally referred to as seedling anthracnose due to its association with <i>Colletotrichum</i> spp. Presently, SCR is the main cause of death of strawberry seedlings. However, management strategies, including fungicides targeting &...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| author | Yanting Zhang Hong Yu Meihua Hu Jianyan Wu Chuanqing Zhang |
| author_facet | Yanting Zhang Hong Yu Meihua Hu Jianyan Wu Chuanqing Zhang |
| author_sort | Yanting Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Strawberry crown rot (SCR) is a serious disease that is generally referred to as seedling anthracnose due to its association with <i>Colletotrichum</i> spp. Presently, SCR is the main cause of death of strawberry seedlings. However, management strategies, including fungicides targeting <i>Colletotrichum</i> spp., have failed to obtain satisfactory results. Therefore, identifying the exact pathogen species causing SCR could guide its management. A total of 287 isolates were obtained from SCR-diseased plants. Based on the culture, morphology, and phylogenetic characteristics, the above 287 fungal isolates of SCR pathogens were identified as 12 different species, including <i>Colletotrichum siamense, C. fructicola</i>, <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>, <i>F. commune</i>, <i>F. equiseti</i>, <i>F. solani</i>, <i>F. tricinctum</i>, <i>Epicoccum sorghinum</i>, <i>Stemphylium lycopersici</i>, <i>Clonostachys rosea</i>, <i>Phoma herbarum,</i> and <i>Curvularia trifolii.</i> Pathogenicity results showed that most isolates were pathogenic to strawberry seedlings and exhibited different degrees of virulence. In severe cases, poor growth on the ground, yellowing of the leaves, and even death of seedlings occurred. In mild cases, only black disease spots appeared on the stems of the strawberry seedlings, and a few withered leaves became necrotic. The inoculation experiments showed that the most virulent species were <i>C. siamense</i> and <i>F. oxysporum</i>, followed by <i>F. equiseti</i>, <i>P. herbarum</i>, <i>Cl. rosea</i>, <i>S. lycopersici,</i> and <i>C. fructicola,</i> which had disease incidences above 50%. <i>E. sorghinum</i>, <i>S. lycopersici</i>, <i>Cl. rosea</i>, <i>P. herbarum</i> and <i>Cu. trifolii</i> were reported to cause SCR for the first time herein. In conclusion, SCR is a sophisticated disease caused by a diversity of pathogenic fungi. This work provides new valuable data about the diversity and pathogenicity of SCR pathogens, which will help in formulating effective strategies to better control of the SCR disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:56:57Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-b950c82efa7e453ba45c4e6184ef9fce2023-11-24T05:24:12ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2022-11-01811116110.3390/jof8111161Fungal Pathogens Associated with Strawberry Crown Rot Disease in ChinaYanting Zhang0Hong Yu1Meihua Hu2Jianyan Wu3Chuanqing Zhang4College of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, ChinaResearch Institute for the Agriculture Science of Hangzhou, Hangzhou 310013, ChinaExtension Centre of Agriculture Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310020, ChinaCollege of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, ChinaCollege of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, ChinaStrawberry crown rot (SCR) is a serious disease that is generally referred to as seedling anthracnose due to its association with <i>Colletotrichum</i> spp. Presently, SCR is the main cause of death of strawberry seedlings. However, management strategies, including fungicides targeting <i>Colletotrichum</i> spp., have failed to obtain satisfactory results. Therefore, identifying the exact pathogen species causing SCR could guide its management. A total of 287 isolates were obtained from SCR-diseased plants. Based on the culture, morphology, and phylogenetic characteristics, the above 287 fungal isolates of SCR pathogens were identified as 12 different species, including <i>Colletotrichum siamense, C. fructicola</i>, <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>, <i>F. commune</i>, <i>F. equiseti</i>, <i>F. solani</i>, <i>F. tricinctum</i>, <i>Epicoccum sorghinum</i>, <i>Stemphylium lycopersici</i>, <i>Clonostachys rosea</i>, <i>Phoma herbarum,</i> and <i>Curvularia trifolii.</i> Pathogenicity results showed that most isolates were pathogenic to strawberry seedlings and exhibited different degrees of virulence. In severe cases, poor growth on the ground, yellowing of the leaves, and even death of seedlings occurred. In mild cases, only black disease spots appeared on the stems of the strawberry seedlings, and a few withered leaves became necrotic. The inoculation experiments showed that the most virulent species were <i>C. siamense</i> and <i>F. oxysporum</i>, followed by <i>F. equiseti</i>, <i>P. herbarum</i>, <i>Cl. rosea</i>, <i>S. lycopersici,</i> and <i>C. fructicola,</i> which had disease incidences above 50%. <i>E. sorghinum</i>, <i>S. lycopersici</i>, <i>Cl. rosea</i>, <i>P. herbarum</i> and <i>Cu. trifolii</i> were reported to cause SCR for the first time herein. In conclusion, SCR is a sophisticated disease caused by a diversity of pathogenic fungi. This work provides new valuable data about the diversity and pathogenicity of SCR pathogens, which will help in formulating effective strategies to better control of the SCR disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/11/1161strawberrycrown rot diseasefungal pathogens |
| spellingShingle | Yanting Zhang Hong Yu Meihua Hu Jianyan Wu Chuanqing Zhang Fungal Pathogens Associated with Strawberry Crown Rot Disease in China Journal of Fungi strawberry crown rot disease fungal pathogens |
| title | Fungal Pathogens Associated with Strawberry Crown Rot Disease in China |
| title_full | Fungal Pathogens Associated with Strawberry Crown Rot Disease in China |
| title_fullStr | Fungal Pathogens Associated with Strawberry Crown Rot Disease in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fungal Pathogens Associated with Strawberry Crown Rot Disease in China |
| title_short | Fungal Pathogens Associated with Strawberry Crown Rot Disease in China |
| title_sort | fungal pathogens associated with strawberry crown rot disease in china |
| topic | strawberry crown rot disease fungal pathogens |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/11/1161 |
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