Trends and factors associated to early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding and duration of breastfeeding in Ethiopia: evidence from the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016
Abstract Background Initiation of breastfeeding immediately after birth, exclusive breastfeeding, and continuous breastfeeding for at least 2 years lower the risk of newborn deaths. This study was conducted to examine the trends and factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusiv...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-01-01
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| Series: | International Breastfeeding Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-019-0248-3 |
| _version_ | 1818648943390621696 |
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| author | Berhanu Teshome Woldeamanuel |
| author_facet | Berhanu Teshome Woldeamanuel |
| author_sort | Berhanu Teshome Woldeamanuel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Initiation of breastfeeding immediately after birth, exclusive breastfeeding, and continuous breastfeeding for at least 2 years lower the risk of newborn deaths. This study was conducted to examine the trends and factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding and duration of breastfeeding in Ethiopia. Methods Data for this study were extracted from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016. A total of 5122 children were included in the analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, and Cox proportional hazards model were fitted to find the factors associated with breastfeeding practices. Reported p - values < 0.05 or a 95% Confidence Interval of Odds Ratio/Hazard Ratio excluding one was considered as significant association with early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding, duration of breastfeeding and independent variables. Results About 81.8% of the children initiated breastfeeding within 1 h of birth and during the day before an interview, 47% were exclusively breastfed during the first 6 months. The median duration of breastfeeding was 22 months (22 ± 0.50 months 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 21.01–22.99). Rural residents (Odds Ratio [OR] 0.71, 95% CI 0.51, 0.99), mothers with no antenatal follow up (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.57, 0.99), caesarean birth (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.66, 0.96) and home delivery were associated with low initiation of breastfeeding within 1 h of birth. Mothers with no/primary education (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.40, 0.96), no baby postnatal checkup (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.39, 0.73), average/larger size of a child at birth (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.65, 0.99) and deliveries outside of health centers were significantly associated with non-exclusive breastfeeding at the time of the interview. Further, mothers living in Amhara (Hazard Ratio [HR] 1.31, 95% CI 1.05, 1.64), Oromia (HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.04, 1.54), and Benishangul-Gumuz (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.09, 1.65) regions had a longer duration of breastfeeding while Muslims, employed mothers, multiple births and poor economic level of households were associated with shorter durations of breastfeeding. Conclusions Rural residence, female sex, home delivery, caesarean birth, small birthweight baby and large family size were associated with late initiation of breastfeeding. Living in Affar, Somali, and Harari, primary education level of mothers, giving birth outside of health facilities, no antenatal care follow up, and no postnatal check-up were associated with non-exclusive breastfeeding, while younger age mothers, Muslims, giving birth outside of health facilities, and employed mothers were associated with shorter time to cessation of breastfeeding. Providing health education and counseling for mothers during and after pregnancy should be encouraged. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T01:26:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b954e606cb1f409d8613742943180068 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1746-4358 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T01:26:27Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Breastfeeding Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-b954e606cb1f409d86137429431800682022-12-21T22:08:41ZengBMCInternational Breastfeeding Journal1746-43582020-01-0115111310.1186/s13006-019-0248-3Trends and factors associated to early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding and duration of breastfeeding in Ethiopia: evidence from the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016Berhanu Teshome Woldeamanuel0Department of Statistics, College of Natural Sciences, Salale UniversityAbstract Background Initiation of breastfeeding immediately after birth, exclusive breastfeeding, and continuous breastfeeding for at least 2 years lower the risk of newborn deaths. This study was conducted to examine the trends and factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding and duration of breastfeeding in Ethiopia. Methods Data for this study were extracted from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016. A total of 5122 children were included in the analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, and Cox proportional hazards model were fitted to find the factors associated with breastfeeding practices. Reported p - values < 0.05 or a 95% Confidence Interval of Odds Ratio/Hazard Ratio excluding one was considered as significant association with early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding, duration of breastfeeding and independent variables. Results About 81.8% of the children initiated breastfeeding within 1 h of birth and during the day before an interview, 47% were exclusively breastfed during the first 6 months. The median duration of breastfeeding was 22 months (22 ± 0.50 months 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 21.01–22.99). Rural residents (Odds Ratio [OR] 0.71, 95% CI 0.51, 0.99), mothers with no antenatal follow up (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.57, 0.99), caesarean birth (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.66, 0.96) and home delivery were associated with low initiation of breastfeeding within 1 h of birth. Mothers with no/primary education (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.40, 0.96), no baby postnatal checkup (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.39, 0.73), average/larger size of a child at birth (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.65, 0.99) and deliveries outside of health centers were significantly associated with non-exclusive breastfeeding at the time of the interview. Further, mothers living in Amhara (Hazard Ratio [HR] 1.31, 95% CI 1.05, 1.64), Oromia (HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.04, 1.54), and Benishangul-Gumuz (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.09, 1.65) regions had a longer duration of breastfeeding while Muslims, employed mothers, multiple births and poor economic level of households were associated with shorter durations of breastfeeding. Conclusions Rural residence, female sex, home delivery, caesarean birth, small birthweight baby and large family size were associated with late initiation of breastfeeding. Living in Affar, Somali, and Harari, primary education level of mothers, giving birth outside of health facilities, no antenatal care follow up, and no postnatal check-up were associated with non-exclusive breastfeeding, while younger age mothers, Muslims, giving birth outside of health facilities, and employed mothers were associated with shorter time to cessation of breastfeeding. Providing health education and counseling for mothers during and after pregnancy should be encouraged.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-019-0248-3BreastfeedingEarly initiationExclusive breastfeedingTrendsDuration of breastfeedingEthiopia |
| spellingShingle | Berhanu Teshome Woldeamanuel Trends and factors associated to early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding and duration of breastfeeding in Ethiopia: evidence from the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016 International Breastfeeding Journal Breastfeeding Early initiation Exclusive breastfeeding Trends Duration of breastfeeding Ethiopia |
| title | Trends and factors associated to early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding and duration of breastfeeding in Ethiopia: evidence from the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016 |
| title_full | Trends and factors associated to early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding and duration of breastfeeding in Ethiopia: evidence from the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016 |
| title_fullStr | Trends and factors associated to early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding and duration of breastfeeding in Ethiopia: evidence from the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Trends and factors associated to early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding and duration of breastfeeding in Ethiopia: evidence from the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016 |
| title_short | Trends and factors associated to early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding and duration of breastfeeding in Ethiopia: evidence from the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016 |
| title_sort | trends and factors associated to early initiation of breastfeeding exclusive breastfeeding and duration of breastfeeding in ethiopia evidence from the ethiopia demographic and health survey 2016 |
| topic | Breastfeeding Early initiation Exclusive breastfeeding Trends Duration of breastfeeding Ethiopia |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-019-0248-3 |
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