<i>Legionella</i> Occurrence beyond Cooling Towers and Premise Plumbing
<i>Legionella</i> is an environmental pathogen that is responsible for respiratory disease and is a common causative agent of water-related outbreaks. Due to their ability to survive in a broad range of environments, transmission of legionellosis is possible from a variety of sources. Un...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/12/2543 |
| _version_ | 1797502332813967360 |
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| author | David Otto Schwake Absar Alum Morteza Abbaszadegan |
| author_facet | David Otto Schwake Absar Alum Morteza Abbaszadegan |
| author_sort | David Otto Schwake |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Legionella</i> is an environmental pathogen that is responsible for respiratory disease and is a common causative agent of water-related outbreaks. Due to their ability to survive in a broad range of environments, transmission of legionellosis is possible from a variety of sources. Unfortunately, a disproportionate amount of research that is devoted to studying the occurrence of <i>Legionella</i> in environmental reservoirs is aimed toward cooling towers and premise plumbing. As confirmed transmission of <i>Legionella</i> has been linked to many other sources, an over-emphasis on the most common sources may be detrimental to increasing understanding of the spread of legionellosis. This review aims to address this issue by cataloguing studies which have examined the occurrence of <i>Legionella</i> in less commonly investigated environments. By summarizing and discussing reports of <i>Legionella</i> in fresh water, ground water, saltwater, and distribution system drinking water, future environmental and public health researchers will have a resource to aid in investigating these pathogens in relevant sources. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:31:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b9583949e3d24452b5ab19e4434fc4c2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:31:35Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-b9583949e3d24452b5ab19e4434fc4c22023-11-23T09:39:34ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072021-12-01912254310.3390/microorganisms9122543<i>Legionella</i> Occurrence beyond Cooling Towers and Premise PlumbingDavid Otto Schwake0Absar Alum1Morteza Abbaszadegan2Department of Natural Sciences, Middle Georgia State University, 100 University Pkwy, Macon, GA 31206, USASchool of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USASchool of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA<i>Legionella</i> is an environmental pathogen that is responsible for respiratory disease and is a common causative agent of water-related outbreaks. Due to their ability to survive in a broad range of environments, transmission of legionellosis is possible from a variety of sources. Unfortunately, a disproportionate amount of research that is devoted to studying the occurrence of <i>Legionella</i> in environmental reservoirs is aimed toward cooling towers and premise plumbing. As confirmed transmission of <i>Legionella</i> has been linked to many other sources, an over-emphasis on the most common sources may be detrimental to increasing understanding of the spread of legionellosis. This review aims to address this issue by cataloguing studies which have examined the occurrence of <i>Legionella</i> in less commonly investigated environments. By summarizing and discussing reports of <i>Legionella</i> in fresh water, ground water, saltwater, and distribution system drinking water, future environmental and public health researchers will have a resource to aid in investigating these pathogens in relevant sources.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/12/2543<i>Legionella pneumophila</i>detection methodsfreshwatergroundwatersaltwaterdrinking water |
| spellingShingle | David Otto Schwake Absar Alum Morteza Abbaszadegan <i>Legionella</i> Occurrence beyond Cooling Towers and Premise Plumbing Microorganisms <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> detection methods freshwater groundwater saltwater drinking water |
| title | <i>Legionella</i> Occurrence beyond Cooling Towers and Premise Plumbing |
| title_full | <i>Legionella</i> Occurrence beyond Cooling Towers and Premise Plumbing |
| title_fullStr | <i>Legionella</i> Occurrence beyond Cooling Towers and Premise Plumbing |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Legionella</i> Occurrence beyond Cooling Towers and Premise Plumbing |
| title_short | <i>Legionella</i> Occurrence beyond Cooling Towers and Premise Plumbing |
| title_sort | i legionella i occurrence beyond cooling towers and premise plumbing |
| topic | <i>Legionella pneumophila</i> detection methods freshwater groundwater saltwater drinking water |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/12/2543 |
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