A double deletion prevents replication of the pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus in the placenta of pregnant heifers.
In contrast to wild type bovine viral diarhea virus (BVDV) specific double deletion mutants are not able to establish persistent infection upon infection of a pregnant heifer. Our data shows that this finding results from a defect in transfer of the virus from the mother animal to the fetus. Pregnan...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2021-12-01
|
| Series: | PLoS Pathogens |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010107 |
| _version_ | 1819277324146704384 |
|---|---|
| author | Jolene Carlson Robert Kammerer Jens Peter Teifke Julia Sehl-Ewert Christiane Pfarrer Gregor Meyers |
| author_facet | Jolene Carlson Robert Kammerer Jens Peter Teifke Julia Sehl-Ewert Christiane Pfarrer Gregor Meyers |
| author_sort | Jolene Carlson |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In contrast to wild type bovine viral diarhea virus (BVDV) specific double deletion mutants are not able to establish persistent infection upon infection of a pregnant heifer. Our data shows that this finding results from a defect in transfer of the virus from the mother animal to the fetus. Pregnant heifers were inoculated with such a double deletion mutant or the parental wild type virus and slaughtered pairwise on days 6, 9, 10 and 13 post infection. Viral RNA was detected via qRT-PCR and RNAscope analyses in maternal tissues for both viruses from day 6 p.i. on. However, the double deletion mutant was not detected in placenta and was only found in samples from animals infected with the wild type virus. Similarly, high levels of wild type viral RNA were present in fetal tissues whereas the genome of the double deletion mutant was not detected supporting the hypothesis of a specific inhibition of mutant virus replication in the placenta. We compared the induction of gene expression upon infection of placenta derived cell lines with wild type and mutant virus via gene array analysis. Genes important for the innate immune response were strongly upregulated by the mutant virus compared to the wild type in caruncle epithelial cells that establish the cell layer on the maternal side at the maternal-fetal interface in the placenta. Also, trophoblasts which can be found on the fetal side of the interface showed significant induction of gene expression upon infection with the mutant virus although with lower complexity. Growth curves recorded in both cell lines revealed a general reduction of virus replication in caruncular epithelial cells compared to the trophoblasts. Compared to the wild type virus this effect was dramtic for the mutant virus that reached only a TCID50 of 1.0 at 72 hours post infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T23:54:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b95bafef3d8445f882214762fac8caff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1553-7366 1553-7374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T23:54:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-b95bafef3d8445f882214762fac8caff2022-12-21T17:25:18ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Pathogens1553-73661553-73742021-12-011712e101010710.1371/journal.ppat.1010107A double deletion prevents replication of the pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus in the placenta of pregnant heifers.Jolene CarlsonRobert KammererJens Peter TeifkeJulia Sehl-EwertChristiane PfarrerGregor MeyersIn contrast to wild type bovine viral diarhea virus (BVDV) specific double deletion mutants are not able to establish persistent infection upon infection of a pregnant heifer. Our data shows that this finding results from a defect in transfer of the virus from the mother animal to the fetus. Pregnant heifers were inoculated with such a double deletion mutant or the parental wild type virus and slaughtered pairwise on days 6, 9, 10 and 13 post infection. Viral RNA was detected via qRT-PCR and RNAscope analyses in maternal tissues for both viruses from day 6 p.i. on. However, the double deletion mutant was not detected in placenta and was only found in samples from animals infected with the wild type virus. Similarly, high levels of wild type viral RNA were present in fetal tissues whereas the genome of the double deletion mutant was not detected supporting the hypothesis of a specific inhibition of mutant virus replication in the placenta. We compared the induction of gene expression upon infection of placenta derived cell lines with wild type and mutant virus via gene array analysis. Genes important for the innate immune response were strongly upregulated by the mutant virus compared to the wild type in caruncle epithelial cells that establish the cell layer on the maternal side at the maternal-fetal interface in the placenta. Also, trophoblasts which can be found on the fetal side of the interface showed significant induction of gene expression upon infection with the mutant virus although with lower complexity. Growth curves recorded in both cell lines revealed a general reduction of virus replication in caruncular epithelial cells compared to the trophoblasts. Compared to the wild type virus this effect was dramtic for the mutant virus that reached only a TCID50 of 1.0 at 72 hours post infection.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010107 |
| spellingShingle | Jolene Carlson Robert Kammerer Jens Peter Teifke Julia Sehl-Ewert Christiane Pfarrer Gregor Meyers A double deletion prevents replication of the pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus in the placenta of pregnant heifers. PLoS Pathogens |
| title | A double deletion prevents replication of the pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus in the placenta of pregnant heifers. |
| title_full | A double deletion prevents replication of the pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus in the placenta of pregnant heifers. |
| title_fullStr | A double deletion prevents replication of the pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus in the placenta of pregnant heifers. |
| title_full_unstemmed | A double deletion prevents replication of the pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus in the placenta of pregnant heifers. |
| title_short | A double deletion prevents replication of the pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus in the placenta of pregnant heifers. |
| title_sort | double deletion prevents replication of the pestivirus bovine viral diarrhea virus in the placenta of pregnant heifers |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010107 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jolenecarlson adoubledeletionpreventsreplicationofthepestivirusbovineviraldiarrheavirusintheplacentaofpregnantheifers AT robertkammerer adoubledeletionpreventsreplicationofthepestivirusbovineviraldiarrheavirusintheplacentaofpregnantheifers AT jenspeterteifke adoubledeletionpreventsreplicationofthepestivirusbovineviraldiarrheavirusintheplacentaofpregnantheifers AT juliasehlewert adoubledeletionpreventsreplicationofthepestivirusbovineviraldiarrheavirusintheplacentaofpregnantheifers AT christianepfarrer adoubledeletionpreventsreplicationofthepestivirusbovineviraldiarrheavirusintheplacentaofpregnantheifers AT gregormeyers adoubledeletionpreventsreplicationofthepestivirusbovineviraldiarrheavirusintheplacentaofpregnantheifers AT jolenecarlson doubledeletionpreventsreplicationofthepestivirusbovineviraldiarrheavirusintheplacentaofpregnantheifers AT robertkammerer doubledeletionpreventsreplicationofthepestivirusbovineviraldiarrheavirusintheplacentaofpregnantheifers AT jenspeterteifke doubledeletionpreventsreplicationofthepestivirusbovineviraldiarrheavirusintheplacentaofpregnantheifers AT juliasehlewert doubledeletionpreventsreplicationofthepestivirusbovineviraldiarrheavirusintheplacentaofpregnantheifers AT christianepfarrer doubledeletionpreventsreplicationofthepestivirusbovineviraldiarrheavirusintheplacentaofpregnantheifers AT gregormeyers doubledeletionpreventsreplicationofthepestivirusbovineviraldiarrheavirusintheplacentaofpregnantheifers |