Dietary intake of tyrosine and phenylalanine, and p-cresyl sulfate plasma levels in non-dialyzed patients with chronic kidney disease
ABSTRACT Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) present an imbalance of the gut microbiota composition, leading to increased production of uremic toxins like p-cresyl sulfate (PCS), product from bacterial fermentation of the amino acids tyrosine (Tyr) and phenylalanine (Phe) from t...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Sociedade Brasileira de Nefrologia
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| Series: | Brazilian Journal of Nephrology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-28002020005015201&lng=en&tlng=en |
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| author | Andressa Louzada Frauche Fernandes Natalia A. Borges Ana Paula Black Juliana dos Anjos Greicielle Santos da Silva Lia S. Nakao Denise Mafra |
| author_facet | Andressa Louzada Frauche Fernandes Natalia A. Borges Ana Paula Black Juliana dos Anjos Greicielle Santos da Silva Lia S. Nakao Denise Mafra |
| author_sort | Andressa Louzada Frauche Fernandes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) present an imbalance of the gut microbiota composition, leading to increased production of uremic toxins like p-cresyl sulfate (PCS), product from bacterial fermentation of the amino acids tyrosine (Tyr) and phenylalanine (Phe) from the diet. Thus, diet may be a determinant in the uremic toxins levels produced by the gut microbiota. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible relationship between Tyr and Phe intake and PCS plasma levels in non-dialysis CKD patients. Methods: Twenty-seven non-dialysis CKD patients (stages 3 and 4) without previous nutritional intervention were evaluated. The dietary intake was evaluated using a 24-hour recall, 3-day food record and protein intake was also estimated by Protein Nitrogen Appearance (PNA). The plasma levels of PCS were measured using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. Results: The evaluated patients (GRF, 34.8 ± 12.4 mL/min, 54.2 ± 14.3 years, BMI, 29.3 ± 6.1 kg/m2) presented mean protein intake of 1.1 ± 0.5 g/kg/day), Tyr of 4.5 ± 2.4 g/day and Phe of 4.6 ± 2.5 g/day. PCS plasma levels (20.4 ± 15.5 mg/L) were elevated and positively associated with both, Tyr (r = 0.58, p = 0.002) and Phe intake (r = 0.53, p = 0.005), even after adjustments for eGFR and age. Conclusion: This study suggests that the diet is an important modulator of the uremic toxins plasma levels produced by the gut microbiota, in non-dialysis CKD patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T15:44:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b970740baf0c41f6baf06a6d79c70d75 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0101-2800 2175-8239 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T15:44:35Z |
| publisher | Sociedade Brasileira de Nefrologia |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brazilian Journal of Nephrology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b970740baf0c41f6baf06a6d79c70d752022-12-21T19:35:02ZengSociedade Brasileira de NefrologiaBrazilian Journal of Nephrology0101-28002175-823910.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2018-0214S0101-28002020005015201Dietary intake of tyrosine and phenylalanine, and p-cresyl sulfate plasma levels in non-dialyzed patients with chronic kidney diseaseAndressa Louzada Frauche FernandesNatalia A. BorgesAna Paula BlackJuliana dos AnjosGreicielle Santos da SilvaLia S. NakaoDenise MafraABSTRACT Background: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) present an imbalance of the gut microbiota composition, leading to increased production of uremic toxins like p-cresyl sulfate (PCS), product from bacterial fermentation of the amino acids tyrosine (Tyr) and phenylalanine (Phe) from the diet. Thus, diet may be a determinant in the uremic toxins levels produced by the gut microbiota. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible relationship between Tyr and Phe intake and PCS plasma levels in non-dialysis CKD patients. Methods: Twenty-seven non-dialysis CKD patients (stages 3 and 4) without previous nutritional intervention were evaluated. The dietary intake was evaluated using a 24-hour recall, 3-day food record and protein intake was also estimated by Protein Nitrogen Appearance (PNA). The plasma levels of PCS were measured using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. Results: The evaluated patients (GRF, 34.8 ± 12.4 mL/min, 54.2 ± 14.3 years, BMI, 29.3 ± 6.1 kg/m2) presented mean protein intake of 1.1 ± 0.5 g/kg/day), Tyr of 4.5 ± 2.4 g/day and Phe of 4.6 ± 2.5 g/day. PCS plasma levels (20.4 ± 15.5 mg/L) were elevated and positively associated with both, Tyr (r = 0.58, p = 0.002) and Phe intake (r = 0.53, p = 0.005), even after adjustments for eGFR and age. Conclusion: This study suggests that the diet is an important modulator of the uremic toxins plasma levels produced by the gut microbiota, in non-dialysis CKD patients.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-28002020005015201&lng=en&tlng=eninsuficiência renal crônicaalimentos, dieta e nutriçãomicrobioma gastrointestinaldoenças cardiovasculares |
| spellingShingle | Andressa Louzada Frauche Fernandes Natalia A. Borges Ana Paula Black Juliana dos Anjos Greicielle Santos da Silva Lia S. Nakao Denise Mafra Dietary intake of tyrosine and phenylalanine, and p-cresyl sulfate plasma levels in non-dialyzed patients with chronic kidney disease Brazilian Journal of Nephrology insuficiência renal crônica alimentos, dieta e nutrição microbioma gastrointestinal doenças cardiovasculares |
| title | Dietary intake of tyrosine and phenylalanine, and p-cresyl sulfate plasma levels in non-dialyzed patients with chronic kidney disease |
| title_full | Dietary intake of tyrosine and phenylalanine, and p-cresyl sulfate plasma levels in non-dialyzed patients with chronic kidney disease |
| title_fullStr | Dietary intake of tyrosine and phenylalanine, and p-cresyl sulfate plasma levels in non-dialyzed patients with chronic kidney disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary intake of tyrosine and phenylalanine, and p-cresyl sulfate plasma levels in non-dialyzed patients with chronic kidney disease |
| title_short | Dietary intake of tyrosine and phenylalanine, and p-cresyl sulfate plasma levels in non-dialyzed patients with chronic kidney disease |
| title_sort | dietary intake of tyrosine and phenylalanine and p cresyl sulfate plasma levels in non dialyzed patients with chronic kidney disease |
| topic | insuficiência renal crônica alimentos, dieta e nutrição microbioma gastrointestinal doenças cardiovasculares |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-28002020005015201&lng=en&tlng=en |
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