Development of a Dual Fuel ICE-Based Micro-CHP System and Experimental Evaluation of Its Performance at Light Loads Using Natural Gas as Primary Fuel
This study presents the implementation of a micro-generation system and its operation procedure, based on a dual fuel diesel engine using natural gas as the primary fuel and conventional diesel as the pilot fuel. On the other hand, the evaluation and validation results by experimental testing of a m...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/17/6281 |
| _version_ | 1797582621828448256 |
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| author | Edisson S. Castaño Mesa Sebastián H. Quintana Iván D. Bedoya |
| author_facet | Edisson S. Castaño Mesa Sebastián H. Quintana Iván D. Bedoya |
| author_sort | Edisson S. Castaño Mesa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study presents the implementation of a micro-generation system and its operation procedure, based on a dual fuel diesel engine using natural gas as the primary fuel and conventional diesel as the pilot fuel. On the other hand, the evaluation and validation results by experimental testing of a model according to International Energy Agency—IEA—Annex 42, applied to dual fuel diesel micro-cogeneration system, are also presented. The control procedure for experimental operation depends of both inputs’ electric power generation demand and desired substitution level due a given natural gas availability. The heat recovery system of the micro-generation system uses a gas–liquid compact heat exchanger that was selected and implemented, where wasted heat from exhaust gases was transferred to liquid water as a cool fluid. Effective operation engine performance was determined by measurement of masses’ flow rate such as inlet air, diesel and natural gas, and also operation parameters such as electric power generation and recovered thermal power were measured. Electric power was generated by using an electric generator and then dissipated as heat by using an electric resistors bank with a dissipation capacity of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>18</mn><mspace width="3.33333pt"></mspace><mi>kW</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. Natural gas fuel was supplied and measured by using a sonic nozzle flowmeter; in addition, natural gas composition was close to <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>84.7</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>CH</mi><mn>4</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>0.74</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>CO</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>1.58</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>, with the rest of them as higher hydrocarbons. The highest overall efficiency (electric efficiency plus heat recovery efficiency) was <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>52.3</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> at <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>14.4</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> kW of electric power generation and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> of substitution level. Several substitution levels were tested at each engine electric power generation, obtaining the maximum substitution level of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>61</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> at <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>17.7</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> kW of electric power generation. Finally, model prediction results were closed to experimental results, both stationary and transient. The maximum error presented was close to <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>20</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> associated to thermal efficiency. However, errors for all other variables were lower than <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>10</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> for most of micro-cogeneration system operation points. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:23:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b97dfd80f6d94393ae37e20c3dbc8d34 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:23:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-b97dfd80f6d94393ae37e20c3dbc8d342023-11-19T08:05:46ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732023-08-011617628110.3390/en16176281Development of a Dual Fuel ICE-Based Micro-CHP System and Experimental Evaluation of Its Performance at Light Loads Using Natural Gas as Primary FuelEdisson S. Castaño Mesa0Sebastián H. Quintana1Iván D. Bedoya2Grupo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Gas y Uso Racional de la Energía—GASURE, Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 53-108, Medellín 050010, ColombiaGrupo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Gas y Uso Racional de la Energía—GASURE, Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 53-108, Medellín 050010, ColombiaGrupo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Gas y Uso Racional de la Energía—GASURE, Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 53-108, Medellín 050010, ColombiaThis study presents the implementation of a micro-generation system and its operation procedure, based on a dual fuel diesel engine using natural gas as the primary fuel and conventional diesel as the pilot fuel. On the other hand, the evaluation and validation results by experimental testing of a model according to International Energy Agency—IEA—Annex 42, applied to dual fuel diesel micro-cogeneration system, are also presented. The control procedure for experimental operation depends of both inputs’ electric power generation demand and desired substitution level due a given natural gas availability. The heat recovery system of the micro-generation system uses a gas–liquid compact heat exchanger that was selected and implemented, where wasted heat from exhaust gases was transferred to liquid water as a cool fluid. Effective operation engine performance was determined by measurement of masses’ flow rate such as inlet air, diesel and natural gas, and also operation parameters such as electric power generation and recovered thermal power were measured. Electric power was generated by using an electric generator and then dissipated as heat by using an electric resistors bank with a dissipation capacity of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>18</mn><mspace width="3.33333pt"></mspace><mi>kW</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. Natural gas fuel was supplied and measured by using a sonic nozzle flowmeter; in addition, natural gas composition was close to <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>84.7</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>CH</mi><mn>4</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>0.74</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>CO</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>1.58</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>, with the rest of them as higher hydrocarbons. The highest overall efficiency (electric efficiency plus heat recovery efficiency) was <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>52.3</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> at <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>14.4</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> kW of electric power generation and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> of substitution level. Several substitution levels were tested at each engine electric power generation, obtaining the maximum substitution level of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>61</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> at <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>17.7</mn></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> kW of electric power generation. Finally, model prediction results were closed to experimental results, both stationary and transient. The maximum error presented was close to <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>20</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> associated to thermal efficiency. However, errors for all other variables were lower than <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>10</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> for most of micro-cogeneration system operation points.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/17/6281micro-cogenerationheat recoverydual fuel enginesubstitution levelnatural gasefficiency |
| spellingShingle | Edisson S. Castaño Mesa Sebastián H. Quintana Iván D. Bedoya Development of a Dual Fuel ICE-Based Micro-CHP System and Experimental Evaluation of Its Performance at Light Loads Using Natural Gas as Primary Fuel Energies micro-cogeneration heat recovery dual fuel engine substitution level natural gas efficiency |
| title | Development of a Dual Fuel ICE-Based Micro-CHP System and Experimental Evaluation of Its Performance at Light Loads Using Natural Gas as Primary Fuel |
| title_full | Development of a Dual Fuel ICE-Based Micro-CHP System and Experimental Evaluation of Its Performance at Light Loads Using Natural Gas as Primary Fuel |
| title_fullStr | Development of a Dual Fuel ICE-Based Micro-CHP System and Experimental Evaluation of Its Performance at Light Loads Using Natural Gas as Primary Fuel |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of a Dual Fuel ICE-Based Micro-CHP System and Experimental Evaluation of Its Performance at Light Loads Using Natural Gas as Primary Fuel |
| title_short | Development of a Dual Fuel ICE-Based Micro-CHP System and Experimental Evaluation of Its Performance at Light Loads Using Natural Gas as Primary Fuel |
| title_sort | development of a dual fuel ice based micro chp system and experimental evaluation of its performance at light loads using natural gas as primary fuel |
| topic | micro-cogeneration heat recovery dual fuel engine substitution level natural gas efficiency |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/17/6281 |
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