Nutrient Sensing via Gut in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>
Nutrient-sensing mechanisms in animals’ sense available nutrients to generate a physiological regulatory response involving absorption, digestion, and regulation of food intake and to maintain glucose and energy homeostasis. During nutrient sensing via the gastrointestinal tract, nutrients interact...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/5/2694 |
| _version_ | 1797474952068202496 |
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| author | Gouri Chopra Shivam Kaushik Pinky Kain |
| author_facet | Gouri Chopra Shivam Kaushik Pinky Kain |
| author_sort | Gouri Chopra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nutrient-sensing mechanisms in animals’ sense available nutrients to generate a physiological regulatory response involving absorption, digestion, and regulation of food intake and to maintain glucose and energy homeostasis. During nutrient sensing via the gastrointestinal tract, nutrients interact with receptors on the enteroendocrine cells in the gut, which in return respond by secreting various hormones. Sensing of nutrients by the gut plays a critical role in transmitting food-related signals to the brain and other tissues informing the composition of ingested food to digestive processes. These signals modulate feeding behaviors, food intake, metabolism, insulin secretion, and energy balance. The increasing significance of fly genetics with the availability of a vast toolbox for studying physiological function, expression of chemosensory receptors, and monitoring the gene expression in specific cells of the intestine makes the fly gut the most useful tissue for studying the nutrient-sensing mechanisms. In this review, we emphasize on the role of <i>Drosophila</i> gut in nutrient-sensing to maintain metabolic homeostasis and gut-brain cross talk using endocrine and neuronal signaling pathways stimulated by internal state or the consumption of various dietary nutrients. Overall, this review will be useful in understanding the post-ingestive nutrient-sensing mechanisms having a physiological and pathological impact on health and diseases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:37:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b9801efed07f43108fce0ec307c163bf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:37:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-b9801efed07f43108fce0ec307c163bf2023-11-23T23:08:08ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-02-01235269410.3390/ijms23052694Nutrient Sensing via Gut in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>Gouri Chopra0Shivam Kaushik1Pinky Kain2Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, IndiaRegional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, IndiaRegional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, IndiaNutrient-sensing mechanisms in animals’ sense available nutrients to generate a physiological regulatory response involving absorption, digestion, and regulation of food intake and to maintain glucose and energy homeostasis. During nutrient sensing via the gastrointestinal tract, nutrients interact with receptors on the enteroendocrine cells in the gut, which in return respond by secreting various hormones. Sensing of nutrients by the gut plays a critical role in transmitting food-related signals to the brain and other tissues informing the composition of ingested food to digestive processes. These signals modulate feeding behaviors, food intake, metabolism, insulin secretion, and energy balance. The increasing significance of fly genetics with the availability of a vast toolbox for studying physiological function, expression of chemosensory receptors, and monitoring the gene expression in specific cells of the intestine makes the fly gut the most useful tissue for studying the nutrient-sensing mechanisms. In this review, we emphasize on the role of <i>Drosophila</i> gut in nutrient-sensing to maintain metabolic homeostasis and gut-brain cross talk using endocrine and neuronal signaling pathways stimulated by internal state or the consumption of various dietary nutrients. Overall, this review will be useful in understanding the post-ingestive nutrient-sensing mechanisms having a physiological and pathological impact on health and diseases.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/5/2694enterocytes<i>Drosophila</i>gut-brain axisgustatory receptorsenteroendocrine cells |
| spellingShingle | Gouri Chopra Shivam Kaushik Pinky Kain Nutrient Sensing via Gut in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> International Journal of Molecular Sciences enterocytes <i>Drosophila</i> gut-brain axis gustatory receptors enteroendocrine cells |
| title | Nutrient Sensing via Gut in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> |
| title_full | Nutrient Sensing via Gut in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> |
| title_fullStr | Nutrient Sensing via Gut in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nutrient Sensing via Gut in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> |
| title_short | Nutrient Sensing via Gut in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> |
| title_sort | nutrient sensing via gut in i drosophila melanogaster i |
| topic | enterocytes <i>Drosophila</i> gut-brain axis gustatory receptors enteroendocrine cells |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/5/2694 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gourichopra nutrientsensingviagutinidrosophilamelanogasteri AT shivamkaushik nutrientsensingviagutinidrosophilamelanogasteri AT pinkykain nutrientsensingviagutinidrosophilamelanogasteri |