Efficacy Analysis of In Situ Synthesis of Nanogold via Copper/Iodonium/Amine/Gold System under a Visible Light
This article presents, for the first time, the kinetics and the general features of a photopolymerization system (under visible light), copper-complex/Iodonium/triethylamine/gold-chloride (orA/B/N/G), with initial concentrations of A<sub>0</sub>, B<sub>0</sub>, N<sub>0&...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/22/4013 |
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| author | Jui-Teng Lin Jacques Lalevee Hsia-Wei Liu |
| author_facet | Jui-Teng Lin Jacques Lalevee Hsia-Wei Liu |
| author_sort | Jui-Teng Lin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This article presents, for the first time, the kinetics and the general features of a photopolymerization system (under visible light), copper-complex/Iodonium/triethylamine/gold-chloride (orA/B/N/G), with initial concentrations of A<sub>0</sub>, B<sub>0</sub>, N<sub>0</sub> and G<sub>0</sub>, based on the proposed mechanism of Tar et al. Analytic formulas were developed to explore the new features, including: (i) both free radical photopolymerization (FRP) efficacy and the production of nanogold (NG), which are proportional to the relative concentration ratios of (A<sub>0</sub> + B<sub>0</sub> + N<sub>0</sub>)/G<sub>0</sub> and may be optimized for maximum efficacy; (ii) the two competing procedures of NG production and the efficacy of FRP, which can be tailored for an optimal system with nanogold in the polymer matrix; (iii) the FRP efficacy, which is contributed by three components given by the excited state of copper complex (T), and the radicals (R and S) produced by iodonium and amine, respectively; (iv) NG production, which is contributed by the coupling of T and radical (S) with gold ion; and (v) NG production, which has a transient state proportional to the light intensity and the concentration ratio A<sub>0</sub>/G<sub>0</sub>) + (N<sub>0</sub>/(K’M<sub>0</sub>), but also a steady-state independent of the light intensity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:07:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b988062815a841e59d11dc58151c1c11 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:07:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-b988062815a841e59d11dc58151c1c112023-11-23T01:10:26ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602021-11-011322401310.3390/polym13224013Efficacy Analysis of In Situ Synthesis of Nanogold via Copper/Iodonium/Amine/Gold System under a Visible LightJui-Teng Lin0Jacques Lalevee1Hsia-Wei Liu2New Photon Corp., 10F, No. 55, Sect. 3, Xinbei Blvd, Xinzhuang, New Taipei City 242062, TaiwanCNRS, IS2M UMR 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, F-68100 Mulhouse, FranceDepartment of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, TaiwanThis article presents, for the first time, the kinetics and the general features of a photopolymerization system (under visible light), copper-complex/Iodonium/triethylamine/gold-chloride (orA/B/N/G), with initial concentrations of A<sub>0</sub>, B<sub>0</sub>, N<sub>0</sub> and G<sub>0</sub>, based on the proposed mechanism of Tar et al. Analytic formulas were developed to explore the new features, including: (i) both free radical photopolymerization (FRP) efficacy and the production of nanogold (NG), which are proportional to the relative concentration ratios of (A<sub>0</sub> + B<sub>0</sub> + N<sub>0</sub>)/G<sub>0</sub> and may be optimized for maximum efficacy; (ii) the two competing procedures of NG production and the efficacy of FRP, which can be tailored for an optimal system with nanogold in the polymer matrix; (iii) the FRP efficacy, which is contributed by three components given by the excited state of copper complex (T), and the radicals (R and S) produced by iodonium and amine, respectively; (iv) NG production, which is contributed by the coupling of T and radical (S) with gold ion; and (v) NG production, which has a transient state proportional to the light intensity and the concentration ratio A<sub>0</sub>/G<sub>0</sub>) + (N<sub>0</sub>/(K’M<sub>0</sub>), but also a steady-state independent of the light intensity.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/22/4013polymerization kineticsphotoinitiatorfree radical polymerizationcopper complexphotoredox catalystnanogold particles |
| spellingShingle | Jui-Teng Lin Jacques Lalevee Hsia-Wei Liu Efficacy Analysis of In Situ Synthesis of Nanogold via Copper/Iodonium/Amine/Gold System under a Visible Light Polymers polymerization kinetics photoinitiator free radical polymerization copper complex photoredox catalyst nanogold particles |
| title | Efficacy Analysis of In Situ Synthesis of Nanogold via Copper/Iodonium/Amine/Gold System under a Visible Light |
| title_full | Efficacy Analysis of In Situ Synthesis of Nanogold via Copper/Iodonium/Amine/Gold System under a Visible Light |
| title_fullStr | Efficacy Analysis of In Situ Synthesis of Nanogold via Copper/Iodonium/Amine/Gold System under a Visible Light |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficacy Analysis of In Situ Synthesis of Nanogold via Copper/Iodonium/Amine/Gold System under a Visible Light |
| title_short | Efficacy Analysis of In Situ Synthesis of Nanogold via Copper/Iodonium/Amine/Gold System under a Visible Light |
| title_sort | efficacy analysis of in situ synthesis of nanogold via copper iodonium amine gold system under a visible light |
| topic | polymerization kinetics photoinitiator free radical polymerization copper complex photoredox catalyst nanogold particles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/22/4013 |
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