Acute Ethanol Exposure during Synaptogenesis Rapidly Alters Medium Spiny Neuron Morphology and Synaptic Protein Expression in the Dorsal Striatum
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders are caused by the disruption of normal brain development in utero. The severity and range of symptoms is dictated by both the dosage and timing of ethanol administration, and the resulting developmental processes that are impacted. In order to investigate the effects...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-12-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/1/290 |
| _version_ | 1797498828521209856 |
|---|---|
| author | Erin Clabough James Ingersoll Tyler Reekes Alyssa Gleichsner Amy Ryan |
| author_facet | Erin Clabough James Ingersoll Tyler Reekes Alyssa Gleichsner Amy Ryan |
| author_sort | Erin Clabough |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders are caused by the disruption of normal brain development in utero. The severity and range of symptoms is dictated by both the dosage and timing of ethanol administration, and the resulting developmental processes that are impacted. In order to investigate the effects of an acute, high-dose intoxication event on the development of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the striatum, mice were injected with ethanol on P6, and neuronal morphology was assessed after 24 h, or at 1 month or 5 months of age. Data indicate an immediate increase in MSN dendritic length and branching, a rapid decrease in spine number, and increased levels of the synaptic protein PSD-95 as a consequence of this neonatal exposure to ethanol, but these differences do not persist into adulthood. These results demonstrate a rapid neuronal response to ethanol exposure and characterize the dynamic nature of neuronal architecture in the MSNs. Although differences in neuronal branching and spine density induced by ethanol resolve with time, early changes in the caudate/putamen region have a potential impact on the execution of complex motor skills, as well as aspects of long-term learning and addictive behavior. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:38:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b98e95ec24544367883508c21612e00e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:38:58Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-b98e95ec24544367883508c21612e00e2023-11-23T11:37:42ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-12-0123129010.3390/ijms23010290Acute Ethanol Exposure during Synaptogenesis Rapidly Alters Medium Spiny Neuron Morphology and Synaptic Protein Expression in the Dorsal StriatumErin Clabough0James Ingersoll1Tyler Reekes2Alyssa Gleichsner3Amy Ryan4Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USADepartment of Biology, Hampden-Sydney College, Hampden-Sydney, VA 23943, USADepartment of Biology, Hampden-Sydney College, Hampden-Sydney, VA 23943, USADepartment of Biological Science, SUNY Plattsburgh, Plattsburgh, NY 12901, USADepartment of Biological Science, SUNY Plattsburgh, Plattsburgh, NY 12901, USAFetal alcohol spectrum disorders are caused by the disruption of normal brain development in utero. The severity and range of symptoms is dictated by both the dosage and timing of ethanol administration, and the resulting developmental processes that are impacted. In order to investigate the effects of an acute, high-dose intoxication event on the development of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the striatum, mice were injected with ethanol on P6, and neuronal morphology was assessed after 24 h, or at 1 month or 5 months of age. Data indicate an immediate increase in MSN dendritic length and branching, a rapid decrease in spine number, and increased levels of the synaptic protein PSD-95 as a consequence of this neonatal exposure to ethanol, but these differences do not persist into adulthood. These results demonstrate a rapid neuronal response to ethanol exposure and characterize the dynamic nature of neuronal architecture in the MSNs. Although differences in neuronal branching and spine density induced by ethanol resolve with time, early changes in the caudate/putamen region have a potential impact on the execution of complex motor skills, as well as aspects of long-term learning and addictive behavior.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/1/290environmental chemicalsmaternal exposurecognitive deficitsfetal alcohol spectrum disorderdendritic morphologystriatum |
| spellingShingle | Erin Clabough James Ingersoll Tyler Reekes Alyssa Gleichsner Amy Ryan Acute Ethanol Exposure during Synaptogenesis Rapidly Alters Medium Spiny Neuron Morphology and Synaptic Protein Expression in the Dorsal Striatum International Journal of Molecular Sciences environmental chemicals maternal exposure cognitive deficits fetal alcohol spectrum disorder dendritic morphology striatum |
| title | Acute Ethanol Exposure during Synaptogenesis Rapidly Alters Medium Spiny Neuron Morphology and Synaptic Protein Expression in the Dorsal Striatum |
| title_full | Acute Ethanol Exposure during Synaptogenesis Rapidly Alters Medium Spiny Neuron Morphology and Synaptic Protein Expression in the Dorsal Striatum |
| title_fullStr | Acute Ethanol Exposure during Synaptogenesis Rapidly Alters Medium Spiny Neuron Morphology and Synaptic Protein Expression in the Dorsal Striatum |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acute Ethanol Exposure during Synaptogenesis Rapidly Alters Medium Spiny Neuron Morphology and Synaptic Protein Expression in the Dorsal Striatum |
| title_short | Acute Ethanol Exposure during Synaptogenesis Rapidly Alters Medium Spiny Neuron Morphology and Synaptic Protein Expression in the Dorsal Striatum |
| title_sort | acute ethanol exposure during synaptogenesis rapidly alters medium spiny neuron morphology and synaptic protein expression in the dorsal striatum |
| topic | environmental chemicals maternal exposure cognitive deficits fetal alcohol spectrum disorder dendritic morphology striatum |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/1/290 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT erinclabough acuteethanolexposureduringsynaptogenesisrapidlyaltersmediumspinyneuronmorphologyandsynapticproteinexpressioninthedorsalstriatum AT jamesingersoll acuteethanolexposureduringsynaptogenesisrapidlyaltersmediumspinyneuronmorphologyandsynapticproteinexpressioninthedorsalstriatum AT tylerreekes acuteethanolexposureduringsynaptogenesisrapidlyaltersmediumspinyneuronmorphologyandsynapticproteinexpressioninthedorsalstriatum AT alyssagleichsner acuteethanolexposureduringsynaptogenesisrapidlyaltersmediumspinyneuronmorphologyandsynapticproteinexpressioninthedorsalstriatum AT amyryan acuteethanolexposureduringsynaptogenesisrapidlyaltersmediumspinyneuronmorphologyandsynapticproteinexpressioninthedorsalstriatum |