Maternal smoking status before and during pregnancy and bronchial asthma at 3 years of age: a prospective cohort study
Abstract The association between maternal pre-pregnancy smoking status and asthma risk is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between pre- and post-pregnancy maternal smoking status and bronchial asthma at 3 years of age in a large birth cohort. Data of 75,411 mother–child pairs...
Main Authors: | Kunio Miyake, Megumi Kushima, Ryoji Shinohara, Sayaka Horiuchi, Sanae Otawa, Yuka Akiyama, Tadao Ooka, Reiji Kojima, Hiroshi Yokomichi, Zentaro Yamagata, The Japan Environment and Children’s Study Group |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2023-02-01
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Series: | Scientific Reports |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30304-9 |
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