COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with Cancer Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review
Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can cause inflammatory and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that might worsen the course of COVID-19. We conducted a systematic review (PROSPERO ID: CRD42022307545) to evaluate the clinical course and complications of COVID-19 in patients with c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Innovative Healthcare Institute
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunotherapy and Precision Oncology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jipo.org/doi/pdf/10.36401/JIPO-22-24 |
| _version_ | 1827897454919417856 |
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| author | Juan I. Ruiz Maria A. Lopez-Olivo Yimin Geng Maria E. Suarez-Almazor |
| author_facet | Juan I. Ruiz Maria A. Lopez-Olivo Yimin Geng Maria E. Suarez-Almazor |
| author_sort | Juan I. Ruiz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can cause inflammatory and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that might worsen the course of COVID-19. We conducted a systematic review (PROSPERO ID: CRD42022307545) to evaluate the clinical course and complications of COVID-19 in patients with cancer receiving ICI. Methods: We searched Medline and Embase through January 5, 2022. We included studies evaluating patients with cancer who received ICI and developed COVID-19. Outcomes included mortality, severe COVID-19, intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital admissions, irAEs, and serious adverse events. We pooled data with random effects meta-analysis. Results: Twenty-five studies met study eligibility (n = 36,532 patients: 15,497 had COVID-19 and 3220 received ICI). Most studies (71.4%) had a high risk of comparability bias. There were no significant differences in mortality (relative risk [RR] 1.29; 95% CI 0.62–2.69), ICU admission (RR 1.20; 95% CI 0.71–2.00), and hospital admission (RR 0.91; 95% CI 0.79–1.06) when comparing patients treated with ICI with patients without cancer treatment. When pooling adjusted odds ratios (ORs), no statistically significant differences were observed in mortality (OR 0.95; 95% CI 0.57–1.60), severe COVID-19 (OR 1.05; 95% CI 0.45–2.46), or hospital admission (OR 2.02; 95% CI 0.96–4.27), when comparing patients treated with ICIs versus patients with cancer without ICI therapy. No significant differences were observed when comparing clinical outcomes in patients receiving ICIs versus patients receiving any of the other anticancer therapies. Conclusion: Although current evidence is limited, COVID-19 clinical outcomes of patients with cancer receiving ICI therapy appear to be similar to those not receiving oncologic treatment or other cancer therapies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:49:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b99cf3be836548e296b05d81c0830c60 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-2345 2590-017X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T22:49:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | Innovative Healthcare Institute |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunotherapy and Precision Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b99cf3be836548e296b05d81c0830c602023-07-20T14:50:11ZengInnovative Healthcare InstituteJournal of Immunotherapy and Precision Oncology2666-23452590-017X2023-05-016210311010.36401/JIPO-22-24i2590-017X-6-2-103COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with Cancer Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic ReviewJuan I. Ruiz0Maria A. Lopez-Olivo1Yimin Geng2Maria E. Suarez-Almazor31 Health Services Research Department, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA1 Health Services Research Department, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA2 Research Medical Library, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA1 Health Services Research Department, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USAIntroduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can cause inflammatory and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that might worsen the course of COVID-19. We conducted a systematic review (PROSPERO ID: CRD42022307545) to evaluate the clinical course and complications of COVID-19 in patients with cancer receiving ICI. Methods: We searched Medline and Embase through January 5, 2022. We included studies evaluating patients with cancer who received ICI and developed COVID-19. Outcomes included mortality, severe COVID-19, intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital admissions, irAEs, and serious adverse events. We pooled data with random effects meta-analysis. Results: Twenty-five studies met study eligibility (n = 36,532 patients: 15,497 had COVID-19 and 3220 received ICI). Most studies (71.4%) had a high risk of comparability bias. There were no significant differences in mortality (relative risk [RR] 1.29; 95% CI 0.62–2.69), ICU admission (RR 1.20; 95% CI 0.71–2.00), and hospital admission (RR 0.91; 95% CI 0.79–1.06) when comparing patients treated with ICI with patients without cancer treatment. When pooling adjusted odds ratios (ORs), no statistically significant differences were observed in mortality (OR 0.95; 95% CI 0.57–1.60), severe COVID-19 (OR 1.05; 95% CI 0.45–2.46), or hospital admission (OR 2.02; 95% CI 0.96–4.27), when comparing patients treated with ICIs versus patients with cancer without ICI therapy. No significant differences were observed when comparing clinical outcomes in patients receiving ICIs versus patients receiving any of the other anticancer therapies. Conclusion: Although current evidence is limited, COVID-19 clinical outcomes of patients with cancer receiving ICI therapy appear to be similar to those not receiving oncologic treatment or other cancer therapies.https://jipo.org/doi/pdf/10.36401/JIPO-22-24sars-cov-2covid-19immune checkpoint inhibitorsimmune-related adverse eventsimmunotherapy |
| spellingShingle | Juan I. Ruiz Maria A. Lopez-Olivo Yimin Geng Maria E. Suarez-Almazor COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with Cancer Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review Journal of Immunotherapy and Precision Oncology sars-cov-2 covid-19 immune checkpoint inhibitors immune-related adverse events immunotherapy |
| title | COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with Cancer Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review |
| title_full | COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with Cancer Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with Cancer Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with Cancer Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review |
| title_short | COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with Cancer Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review |
| title_sort | covid 19 outcomes in patients with cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors a systematic review |
| topic | sars-cov-2 covid-19 immune checkpoint inhibitors immune-related adverse events immunotherapy |
| url | https://jipo.org/doi/pdf/10.36401/JIPO-22-24 |
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