Extraction of red pigment from Chinese jujube peel and the antioxidant activity of the pigment extracts
Chinese jujube is a delicious fruit with high antioxidant nutrients. The fruit peel, however, is always discarded due to its indigestibility. In the current study, the jujube peels were collected for red pigment extraction. Six extraction-related parameters (ethanol concentration, solid-liquid ratio...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
De Gruyter
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Open Chemistry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2022-0184 |
| _version_ | 1797998389621686272 |
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| author | Liu Hongxia Wu Jingjie Cai Zhien Deng Benliang Liu Hui Zhao Xusheng |
| author_facet | Liu Hongxia Wu Jingjie Cai Zhien Deng Benliang Liu Hui Zhao Xusheng |
| author_sort | Liu Hongxia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chinese jujube is a delicious fruit with high antioxidant nutrients. The fruit peel, however, is always discarded due to its indigestibility. In the current study, the jujube peels were collected for red pigment extraction. Six extraction-related parameters (ethanol concentration, solid-liquid ratio, material granularity, enzyme concentration, enzymolysis time, and pH) were optimized for jujube peel pigment extraction using Plackett–Burman and Box–Behnken designs. When the fruit peels were treated with 1.18% cellulase and 73% ethanol at pH 3.15, optimization enhanced the pigment extraction efficiency by 29.7% compared with the control. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) assay revealed that delphinidin 3-O-galactoside and cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside chloride were the major components of the jujube pigment extracts. Additionally, the red pigment extracts exhibited high free radical scavenging capacity and strong Fe3+ reducing power. Finally, it also provides us a simple new method for efficient extraction of natural antioxidants from discarded jujube peels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T10:48:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b9a507df9b5b4c8494d8e7228ce4b2d1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2391-5420 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T10:48:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | De Gruyter |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Open Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-b9a507df9b5b4c8494d8e7228ce4b2d12022-12-22T04:29:00ZengDe GruyterOpen Chemistry2391-54202022-09-0120184986210.1515/chem-2022-0184Extraction of red pigment from Chinese jujube peel and the antioxidant activity of the pigment extractsLiu Hongxia0Wu Jingjie1Cai Zhien2Deng Benliang3Liu Hui4Zhao Xusheng5Jujube Scientific Research and Applied Center, Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Henan, Luoyang, 471934, ChinaScience Teaching Department, Luoyang Children Teachers’ School, Henan, Luoyang, 471934, ChinaJujube Scientific Research and Applied Center, Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Henan, Luoyang, 471934, ChinaJujube Scientific Research and Applied Center, Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Henan, Luoyang, 471934, ChinaJujube Scientific Research and Applied Center, Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Henan, Luoyang, 471934, ChinaJujube Scientific Research and Applied Center, Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Henan, Luoyang, 471934, ChinaChinese jujube is a delicious fruit with high antioxidant nutrients. The fruit peel, however, is always discarded due to its indigestibility. In the current study, the jujube peels were collected for red pigment extraction. Six extraction-related parameters (ethanol concentration, solid-liquid ratio, material granularity, enzyme concentration, enzymolysis time, and pH) were optimized for jujube peel pigment extraction using Plackett–Burman and Box–Behnken designs. When the fruit peels were treated with 1.18% cellulase and 73% ethanol at pH 3.15, optimization enhanced the pigment extraction efficiency by 29.7% compared with the control. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) assay revealed that delphinidin 3-O-galactoside and cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside chloride were the major components of the jujube pigment extracts. Additionally, the red pigment extracts exhibited high free radical scavenging capacity and strong Fe3+ reducing power. Finally, it also provides us a simple new method for efficient extraction of natural antioxidants from discarded jujube peels.https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2022-0184antioxidant activitycyanidin 3-o-rutinoside chloridedelphinidin 3-o-galactosidejujube red pigmentresponse surface methodology |
| spellingShingle | Liu Hongxia Wu Jingjie Cai Zhien Deng Benliang Liu Hui Zhao Xusheng Extraction of red pigment from Chinese jujube peel and the antioxidant activity of the pigment extracts Open Chemistry antioxidant activity cyanidin 3-o-rutinoside chloride delphinidin 3-o-galactoside jujube red pigment response surface methodology |
| title | Extraction of red pigment from Chinese jujube peel and the antioxidant activity of the pigment extracts |
| title_full | Extraction of red pigment from Chinese jujube peel and the antioxidant activity of the pigment extracts |
| title_fullStr | Extraction of red pigment from Chinese jujube peel and the antioxidant activity of the pigment extracts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extraction of red pigment from Chinese jujube peel and the antioxidant activity of the pigment extracts |
| title_short | Extraction of red pigment from Chinese jujube peel and the antioxidant activity of the pigment extracts |
| title_sort | extraction of red pigment from chinese jujube peel and the antioxidant activity of the pigment extracts |
| topic | antioxidant activity cyanidin 3-o-rutinoside chloride delphinidin 3-o-galactoside jujube red pigment response surface methodology |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2022-0184 |
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