Effect of Different Substrates, and Irrigation with Water with Different Saline Concentrations, on the Development of Tomato Fungal Diseases in an Almería-Type Greenhouse
The aim of this research was to assess the effect of both the salinity level and the type of growing system on the vegetative health of a tomato crop (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>). The study was carried out in Almería (Spain) in a local typical greenhouse. Two different growing media wer...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/5/1050 |
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| author | Eugenio Ávalos-Sánchez Alejandro López-Martínez Francisco D. Molina-Aiz Juan Reca Patricia Marín-Membrive Diego L. Valera-Martínez |
| author_facet | Eugenio Ávalos-Sánchez Alejandro López-Martínez Francisco D. Molina-Aiz Juan Reca Patricia Marín-Membrive Diego L. Valera-Martínez |
| author_sort | Eugenio Ávalos-Sánchez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this research was to assess the effect of both the salinity level and the type of growing system on the vegetative health of a tomato crop (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>). The study was carried out in Almería (Spain) in a local typical greenhouse. Two different growing media were tested: (i) the artificial soil “<i>enarenado</i>” and (ii) a coconut fiber substrate. Each of these growing media was irrigated with water with three different saline concentrations: (i) T1 with an electrical conductivity of 0.6 dS/m, (ii) T2 with 1.5 dS/m, and (iii) T3 with 3.0 dS/m. Using the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) regulations, two diseases were identified: (i) powdery mildew (<i>Leveillula taurica</i>) with a lower disease incidence in tomato plants grown in soil and in plants irrigated with decreasing salinity treatments and (ii) crown and root rot in tomato (<i>Fusarium</i> f. sp. <i>radicis-lycopersici</i>) with a lower incidence in tomato plants grown in soil and a higher incidence in tomato plants grown in coconut substrate. A higher yield was observed in tomato plants transplanted in <i>enarenado</i> than in coconut substrate, although a higher level of Brix degrees was observed in the crops with higher disease severity and salinity stress. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:30:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b9aafd4c9d21433da17031a7e90646dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:30:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-b9aafd4c9d21433da17031a7e90646dd2023-11-23T09:42:04ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-04-01125105010.3390/agronomy12051050Effect of Different Substrates, and Irrigation with Water with Different Saline Concentrations, on the Development of Tomato Fungal Diseases in an Almería-Type GreenhouseEugenio Ávalos-Sánchez0Alejandro López-Martínez1Francisco D. Molina-Aiz2Juan Reca3Patricia Marín-Membrive4Diego L. Valera-Martínez5Research Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra, de Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almeria, SpainResearch Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra, de Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almeria, SpainResearch Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra, de Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almeria, SpainResearch Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra, de Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almeria, SpainResearch Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra, de Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almeria, SpainResearch Centre CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, Ctra, de Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almeria, SpainThe aim of this research was to assess the effect of both the salinity level and the type of growing system on the vegetative health of a tomato crop (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>). The study was carried out in Almería (Spain) in a local typical greenhouse. Two different growing media were tested: (i) the artificial soil “<i>enarenado</i>” and (ii) a coconut fiber substrate. Each of these growing media was irrigated with water with three different saline concentrations: (i) T1 with an electrical conductivity of 0.6 dS/m, (ii) T2 with 1.5 dS/m, and (iii) T3 with 3.0 dS/m. Using the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) regulations, two diseases were identified: (i) powdery mildew (<i>Leveillula taurica</i>) with a lower disease incidence in tomato plants grown in soil and in plants irrigated with decreasing salinity treatments and (ii) crown and root rot in tomato (<i>Fusarium</i> f. sp. <i>radicis-lycopersici</i>) with a lower incidence in tomato plants grown in soil and a higher incidence in tomato plants grown in coconut substrate. A higher yield was observed in tomato plants transplanted in <i>enarenado</i> than in coconut substrate, although a higher level of Brix degrees was observed in the crops with higher disease severity and salinity stress.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/5/1050protected cropEC electric conductivitynutrient solutioncrown and root rotpowdery mildew |
| spellingShingle | Eugenio Ávalos-Sánchez Alejandro López-Martínez Francisco D. Molina-Aiz Juan Reca Patricia Marín-Membrive Diego L. Valera-Martínez Effect of Different Substrates, and Irrigation with Water with Different Saline Concentrations, on the Development of Tomato Fungal Diseases in an Almería-Type Greenhouse Agronomy protected crop EC electric conductivity nutrient solution crown and root rot powdery mildew |
| title | Effect of Different Substrates, and Irrigation with Water with Different Saline Concentrations, on the Development of Tomato Fungal Diseases in an Almería-Type Greenhouse |
| title_full | Effect of Different Substrates, and Irrigation with Water with Different Saline Concentrations, on the Development of Tomato Fungal Diseases in an Almería-Type Greenhouse |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Different Substrates, and Irrigation with Water with Different Saline Concentrations, on the Development of Tomato Fungal Diseases in an Almería-Type Greenhouse |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Different Substrates, and Irrigation with Water with Different Saline Concentrations, on the Development of Tomato Fungal Diseases in an Almería-Type Greenhouse |
| title_short | Effect of Different Substrates, and Irrigation with Water with Different Saline Concentrations, on the Development of Tomato Fungal Diseases in an Almería-Type Greenhouse |
| title_sort | effect of different substrates and irrigation with water with different saline concentrations on the development of tomato fungal diseases in an almeria type greenhouse |
| topic | protected crop EC electric conductivity nutrient solution crown and root rot powdery mildew |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/5/1050 |
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