Deficits in the mimicry of facial expressions in Parkinson’s disease
Background: Humans spontaneously mimic the facial expressions of others, facilitating social interaction. This mimicking behaviour may be impaired in individuals with Parkinson’s disease, for whom the loss of facial movements is a clinical feature. Objective: To assess the presence of facial mimic...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2016-06-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00780/full |
| _version_ | 1811232405397176320 |
|---|---|
| author | Steven R. Livingstone Steven R. Livingstone Steven R. Livingstone Esztella eVezer Lucy M. McGarry Anthony E Lang Anthony E Lang Frank A. Russo Frank A. Russo |
| author_facet | Steven R. Livingstone Steven R. Livingstone Steven R. Livingstone Esztella eVezer Lucy M. McGarry Anthony E Lang Anthony E Lang Frank A. Russo Frank A. Russo |
| author_sort | Steven R. Livingstone |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Humans spontaneously mimic the facial expressions of others, facilitating social interaction. This mimicking behaviour may be impaired in individuals with Parkinson’s disease, for whom the loss of facial movements is a clinical feature. Objective: To assess the presence of facial mimicry in patients with Parkinson’s disease.Method: Twenty-seven non-depressed patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease and twenty-eight age-matched controls had their facial muscles recorded with electromyography while they observed presentations of calm, happy, sad, angry, and fearful emotions. Results: Patients exhibited reduced amplitude and delayed onset in the zygomaticus major muscle region (smiling response) following happy presentations (p < 0.001, ANOVA, patients M = 0.02, 95% confidence interval [-0.15–0.18], controls M = 0.26, [0.14–0.37]). Although patients exhibited activation of the corrugator supercilii and medial frontalis (frowning) following sad and fearful presentations, the frontalis response to sad presentations was attenuated relative to controls (p = 0.017, ANOVA, patients, M = .05, [-.08–.18], controls M = .21, [.09–.34]). The amplitude of patients’ zygomaticus activity in response to positive emotions was found to be negatively correlated with response times for ratings of emotional identification, suggesting a motor-behavioral link (r = -0.45, p = 0.02, two-tailed). Conclusions: Patients showed decreased mimicry overall, mimicking other peoples’ frowns to some extent, but presenting with profoundly weakened smiles. These findings open a new avenue of inquiry into the masked face syndrome of PD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T11:02:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b9b18e8cbda848d08248ca42b765eb01 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T11:02:39Z |
| publishDate | 2016-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b9b18e8cbda848d08248ca42b765eb012022-12-22T03:35:55ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782016-06-01710.3389/fpsyg.2016.00780190717Deficits in the mimicry of facial expressions in Parkinson’s diseaseSteven R. Livingstone0Steven R. Livingstone1Steven R. Livingstone2Esztella eVezer3Lucy M. McGarry4Anthony E Lang5Anthony E Lang6Frank A. Russo7Frank A. Russo8Ryerson UniversityUniversity of Wisconsin-River FallsToronto Rehabilitation InstituteRyerson UniversityRyerson UniversityUniversity of TorontoToronto Western HospitalRyerson UniversityToronto Rehabilitation InstituteBackground: Humans spontaneously mimic the facial expressions of others, facilitating social interaction. This mimicking behaviour may be impaired in individuals with Parkinson’s disease, for whom the loss of facial movements is a clinical feature. Objective: To assess the presence of facial mimicry in patients with Parkinson’s disease.Method: Twenty-seven non-depressed patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease and twenty-eight age-matched controls had their facial muscles recorded with electromyography while they observed presentations of calm, happy, sad, angry, and fearful emotions. Results: Patients exhibited reduced amplitude and delayed onset in the zygomaticus major muscle region (smiling response) following happy presentations (p < 0.001, ANOVA, patients M = 0.02, 95% confidence interval [-0.15–0.18], controls M = 0.26, [0.14–0.37]). Although patients exhibited activation of the corrugator supercilii and medial frontalis (frowning) following sad and fearful presentations, the frontalis response to sad presentations was attenuated relative to controls (p = 0.017, ANOVA, patients, M = .05, [-.08–.18], controls M = .21, [.09–.34]). The amplitude of patients’ zygomaticus activity in response to positive emotions was found to be negatively correlated with response times for ratings of emotional identification, suggesting a motor-behavioral link (r = -0.45, p = 0.02, two-tailed). Conclusions: Patients showed decreased mimicry overall, mimicking other peoples’ frowns to some extent, but presenting with profoundly weakened smiles. These findings open a new avenue of inquiry into the masked face syndrome of PD.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00780/fullemotionParkinson’s diseasefacial expressionsmimicryFacial mimicryHypomimia |
| spellingShingle | Steven R. Livingstone Steven R. Livingstone Steven R. Livingstone Esztella eVezer Lucy M. McGarry Anthony E Lang Anthony E Lang Frank A. Russo Frank A. Russo Deficits in the mimicry of facial expressions in Parkinson’s disease Frontiers in Psychology emotion Parkinson’s disease facial expressions mimicry Facial mimicry Hypomimia |
| title | Deficits in the mimicry of facial expressions in Parkinson’s disease |
| title_full | Deficits in the mimicry of facial expressions in Parkinson’s disease |
| title_fullStr | Deficits in the mimicry of facial expressions in Parkinson’s disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Deficits in the mimicry of facial expressions in Parkinson’s disease |
| title_short | Deficits in the mimicry of facial expressions in Parkinson’s disease |
| title_sort | deficits in the mimicry of facial expressions in parkinson s disease |
| topic | emotion Parkinson’s disease facial expressions mimicry Facial mimicry Hypomimia |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00780/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT stevenrlivingstone deficitsinthemimicryoffacialexpressionsinparkinsonsdisease AT stevenrlivingstone deficitsinthemimicryoffacialexpressionsinparkinsonsdisease AT stevenrlivingstone deficitsinthemimicryoffacialexpressionsinparkinsonsdisease AT esztellaevezer deficitsinthemimicryoffacialexpressionsinparkinsonsdisease AT lucymmcgarry deficitsinthemimicryoffacialexpressionsinparkinsonsdisease AT anthonyelang deficitsinthemimicryoffacialexpressionsinparkinsonsdisease AT anthonyelang deficitsinthemimicryoffacialexpressionsinparkinsonsdisease AT frankarusso deficitsinthemimicryoffacialexpressionsinparkinsonsdisease AT frankarusso deficitsinthemimicryoffacialexpressionsinparkinsonsdisease |