Genetic characteristics and virulence of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from fresh vegetables in China
Abstract Background Ready-to-eat (RTE) vegetables have become increasingly popular along with the trend of moving towards a healthy lifestyle. However, RTE vegetables are at a higher risk of containing pathogens, maybe owing to lack of rigorous sanitization procedures. To understand the prevalence a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2019-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12866-019-1488-5 |
| _version_ | 1818514889819291648 |
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| author | Moutong Chen Yuetao Chen Qingping Wu Jumei Zhang Jianheng Cheng Fan Li Haiyan Zeng Tao Lei Rui Pang Qinghua Ye Jianling Bai Juan Wang Xianhu Wei Youxiong Zhang Yu Ding |
| author_facet | Moutong Chen Yuetao Chen Qingping Wu Jumei Zhang Jianheng Cheng Fan Li Haiyan Zeng Tao Lei Rui Pang Qinghua Ye Jianling Bai Juan Wang Xianhu Wei Youxiong Zhang Yu Ding |
| author_sort | Moutong Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Ready-to-eat (RTE) vegetables have become increasingly popular along with the trend of moving towards a healthy lifestyle. However, RTE vegetables are at a higher risk of containing pathogens, maybe owing to lack of rigorous sanitization procedures. To understand the prevalence and potential risk of Listeria monocytogenes in RTE vegetables, we investigated the contamination level and characteristics of L. monocytogenes isolated from fresh vegetables. Results Twenty-three (5.49%) of the 419 vegetables samples were positive for L. monocytogenes. Phylogenetic group I.1 (1/2a-3a) and II.2 (1/2b-3b-7) strains were predominant in 30 isolates, which accounted for 33.3 and 50.0%, respectively. Multilocus sequence typing of the 30 isolates grouped them into nine sequence types (STs). The most common STs were ST87 (36.7%) and ST8 (26.7%). Virulence analysis showed that all 30 isolates harbored eight classical virulence genes, 10.0% isolates harbored the llsX gene (ST3 and ST1 strains), and 36.7% carried the ptsA gene and belonged to ST87. Approximately 83.3% isolates carried full-length inlA, whereas five isolates had premature stop codons in inlA, three of which belonged to ST9 and two to ST8. Antibiotic susceptibility showed the isolates were varyingly resistant to 13 antibiotics, 26.7% of the isolates were multi-drug resistant. Conclusions The fresh vegetables contain some potential hypervirulent L. monocytogenes (ST1 and ST87) in the Chinese markets. In addition, the high rate of L. monocytogenes isolates was multi-drug resistant. Fresh raw vegetables may be a possible transmission route for L. monocytogenes infection in consumers. Therefore, sanitization of raw fresh vegetables should be strengthened to ensure their microbiological safety when used as RTE vegetables. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T00:21:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b9ba8b4d87df4916872709ecf73f102e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2180 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T00:21:52Z |
| publishDate | 2019-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b9ba8b4d87df4916872709ecf73f102e2022-12-22T01:27:42ZengBMCBMC Microbiology1471-21802019-06-011911910.1186/s12866-019-1488-5Genetic characteristics and virulence of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from fresh vegetables in ChinaMoutong Chen0Yuetao Chen1Qingping Wu2Jumei Zhang3Jianheng Cheng4Fan Li5Haiyan Zeng6Tao Lei7Rui Pang8Qinghua Ye9Jianling Bai10Juan Wang11Xianhu Wei12Youxiong Zhang13Yu Ding14Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied MicrobiologyGuangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied MicrobiologyGuangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied MicrobiologyGuangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied MicrobiologyGuangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied MicrobiologyGuangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied MicrobiologyGuangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied MicrobiologyGuangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied MicrobiologyGuangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied MicrobiologyGuangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied MicrobiologyGuangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied MicrobiologyCollege of Food Science, South China Agricultural UniversityGuangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied MicrobiologyGuangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied MicrobiologyDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityAbstract Background Ready-to-eat (RTE) vegetables have become increasingly popular along with the trend of moving towards a healthy lifestyle. However, RTE vegetables are at a higher risk of containing pathogens, maybe owing to lack of rigorous sanitization procedures. To understand the prevalence and potential risk of Listeria monocytogenes in RTE vegetables, we investigated the contamination level and characteristics of L. monocytogenes isolated from fresh vegetables. Results Twenty-three (5.49%) of the 419 vegetables samples were positive for L. monocytogenes. Phylogenetic group I.1 (1/2a-3a) and II.2 (1/2b-3b-7) strains were predominant in 30 isolates, which accounted for 33.3 and 50.0%, respectively. Multilocus sequence typing of the 30 isolates grouped them into nine sequence types (STs). The most common STs were ST87 (36.7%) and ST8 (26.7%). Virulence analysis showed that all 30 isolates harbored eight classical virulence genes, 10.0% isolates harbored the llsX gene (ST3 and ST1 strains), and 36.7% carried the ptsA gene and belonged to ST87. Approximately 83.3% isolates carried full-length inlA, whereas five isolates had premature stop codons in inlA, three of which belonged to ST9 and two to ST8. Antibiotic susceptibility showed the isolates were varyingly resistant to 13 antibiotics, 26.7% of the isolates were multi-drug resistant. Conclusions The fresh vegetables contain some potential hypervirulent L. monocytogenes (ST1 and ST87) in the Chinese markets. In addition, the high rate of L. monocytogenes isolates was multi-drug resistant. Fresh raw vegetables may be a possible transmission route for L. monocytogenes infection in consumers. Therefore, sanitization of raw fresh vegetables should be strengthened to ensure their microbiological safety when used as RTE vegetables.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12866-019-1488-5Listeria monocytogenesPremature stop codonsMultilocus sequence typingAntimicrobial resistanceVegetable |
| spellingShingle | Moutong Chen Yuetao Chen Qingping Wu Jumei Zhang Jianheng Cheng Fan Li Haiyan Zeng Tao Lei Rui Pang Qinghua Ye Jianling Bai Juan Wang Xianhu Wei Youxiong Zhang Yu Ding Genetic characteristics and virulence of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from fresh vegetables in China BMC Microbiology Listeria monocytogenes Premature stop codons Multilocus sequence typing Antimicrobial resistance Vegetable |
| title | Genetic characteristics and virulence of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from fresh vegetables in China |
| title_full | Genetic characteristics and virulence of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from fresh vegetables in China |
| title_fullStr | Genetic characteristics and virulence of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from fresh vegetables in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic characteristics and virulence of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from fresh vegetables in China |
| title_short | Genetic characteristics and virulence of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from fresh vegetables in China |
| title_sort | genetic characteristics and virulence of listeria monocytogenes isolated from fresh vegetables in china |
| topic | Listeria monocytogenes Premature stop codons Multilocus sequence typing Antimicrobial resistance Vegetable |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12866-019-1488-5 |
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