Opposing functions of α- and β-adrenoceptors in the formation of processes by cultured astrocytes
Astrocytes are glial cells with numerous fine processes which are important for the functions of the central nervous system. The activation of β-adrenoceptors induces process formation of astrocytes via cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling. However, the role of α-adrenoceptors in the astrocyte morphology has...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Pharmacological Sciences |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1347861320301249 |
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| author | Taisuke Kitano Ryota Eguchi Yuko Okamatsu-Ogura Soichiro Yamaguchi Ken-ichi Otsuguro |
| author_facet | Taisuke Kitano Ryota Eguchi Yuko Okamatsu-Ogura Soichiro Yamaguchi Ken-ichi Otsuguro |
| author_sort | Taisuke Kitano |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Astrocytes are glial cells with numerous fine processes which are important for the functions of the central nervous system. The activation of β-adrenoceptors induces process formation of astrocytes via cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling. However, the role of α-adrenoceptors in the astrocyte morphology has not been elucidated. Here, we examined it by using cultured astrocytes from neonatal rat spinal cords and cortices. Exposure of these cells to noradrenaline and the β-adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol increased intracellular cAMP levels and induced the formation of processes. Noradrenaline-induced process formation was enhanced with the α1-adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin and α2-adrenoceptor antagonist atipamezole. Atipamezole also enhanced noradrenaline-induced cAMP elevation. Isoproterenol-induced process formation was not inhibited by the α1-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine but was inhibited by the α2-adrenoceptor agonist dexmedetomidine. Dexmedetomidine also inhibited process formation induced by the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin and the membrane-permeable cAMP analog dibutyryl-cAMP. Moreover, dexmedetomidine inhibited cAMP-independent process formation induced by adenosine or the Rho-associated kinase inhibitor Y27632. In the presence of propranolol, noradrenaline inhibited Y27632-induced process formation, which was abolished by prazosin or atipamezole. These results demonstrate that α-adrenoceptors inhibit both cAMP-dependent and -independent astrocytic process formation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T15:04:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b9cb3e9120774194b1cdb235435dd7fc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1347-8613 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T15:04:04Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Pharmacological Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-b9cb3e9120774194b1cdb235435dd7fc2022-12-21T22:27:12ZengElsevierJournal of Pharmacological Sciences1347-86132021-03-011453228240Opposing functions of α- and β-adrenoceptors in the formation of processes by cultured astrocytesTaisuke Kitano0Ryota Eguchi1Yuko Okamatsu-Ogura2Soichiro Yamaguchi3Ken-ichi Otsuguro4Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, JapanLaboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, JapanLaboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, JapanLaboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, JapanLaboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan; Corresponding author.Fax: +81 11 706 5220.Astrocytes are glial cells with numerous fine processes which are important for the functions of the central nervous system. The activation of β-adrenoceptors induces process formation of astrocytes via cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling. However, the role of α-adrenoceptors in the astrocyte morphology has not been elucidated. Here, we examined it by using cultured astrocytes from neonatal rat spinal cords and cortices. Exposure of these cells to noradrenaline and the β-adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol increased intracellular cAMP levels and induced the formation of processes. Noradrenaline-induced process formation was enhanced with the α1-adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin and α2-adrenoceptor antagonist atipamezole. Atipamezole also enhanced noradrenaline-induced cAMP elevation. Isoproterenol-induced process formation was not inhibited by the α1-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine but was inhibited by the α2-adrenoceptor agonist dexmedetomidine. Dexmedetomidine also inhibited process formation induced by the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin and the membrane-permeable cAMP analog dibutyryl-cAMP. Moreover, dexmedetomidine inhibited cAMP-independent process formation induced by adenosine or the Rho-associated kinase inhibitor Y27632. In the presence of propranolol, noradrenaline inhibited Y27632-induced process formation, which was abolished by prazosin or atipamezole. These results demonstrate that α-adrenoceptors inhibit both cAMP-dependent and -independent astrocytic process formation.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1347861320301249AstrocyteProcess formationNoradrenalineAdrenoceptorCyclic AMP |
| spellingShingle | Taisuke Kitano Ryota Eguchi Yuko Okamatsu-Ogura Soichiro Yamaguchi Ken-ichi Otsuguro Opposing functions of α- and β-adrenoceptors in the formation of processes by cultured astrocytes Journal of Pharmacological Sciences Astrocyte Process formation Noradrenaline Adrenoceptor Cyclic AMP |
| title | Opposing functions of α- and β-adrenoceptors in the formation of processes by cultured astrocytes |
| title_full | Opposing functions of α- and β-adrenoceptors in the formation of processes by cultured astrocytes |
| title_fullStr | Opposing functions of α- and β-adrenoceptors in the formation of processes by cultured astrocytes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Opposing functions of α- and β-adrenoceptors in the formation of processes by cultured astrocytes |
| title_short | Opposing functions of α- and β-adrenoceptors in the formation of processes by cultured astrocytes |
| title_sort | opposing functions of α and β adrenoceptors in the formation of processes by cultured astrocytes |
| topic | Astrocyte Process formation Noradrenaline Adrenoceptor Cyclic AMP |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1347861320301249 |
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