Elusive Trans-Acting Factors Which Operate with Type I (Poliovirus-like) IRES Elements
The phenomenon of internal initiation of translation was discovered in 1988 on poliovirus mRNA. The prototypic <i>cis</i>-acting element in the 5′ untranslated region (5′UTR) of poliovirus mRNA, which is able to direct initiation at an internal start codon without the involvement of a ca...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/24/15497 |
| _version_ | 1797457352262156288 |
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| author | Dmitry E. Andreev Michael Niepmann Ivan N. Shatsky |
| author_facet | Dmitry E. Andreev Michael Niepmann Ivan N. Shatsky |
| author_sort | Dmitry E. Andreev |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The phenomenon of internal initiation of translation was discovered in 1988 on poliovirus mRNA. The prototypic <i>cis</i>-acting element in the 5′ untranslated region (5′UTR) of poliovirus mRNA, which is able to direct initiation at an internal start codon without the involvement of a cap structure, has been called an IRES (Internal Ribosome Entry Site or Segment). Despite its early discovery, poliovirus and other related IRES elements of type I are poorly characterized, and it is not yet clear which host proteins (a.k.a. IRES trans-acting factors, ITAFs) are required for their full activity in vivo. Here we discuss recent and old results devoted to type I IRESes and provide evidence that Poly(rC) binding protein 2 (PCBP2), Glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GARS), and Cold Shock Domain Containing E1 (CSDE1, also known as UNR) are major regulators of type I IRES activity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:21:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b9d4804a71064774b7355f5e7bf8d98b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:21:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-b9d4804a71064774b7355f5e7bf8d98b2023-11-24T15:22:27ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-12-0123241549710.3390/ijms232415497Elusive Trans-Acting Factors Which Operate with Type I (Poliovirus-like) IRES ElementsDmitry E. Andreev0Michael Niepmann1Ivan N. Shatsky2Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, RussiaInstitute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Giessen, GermanyBelozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, RussiaThe phenomenon of internal initiation of translation was discovered in 1988 on poliovirus mRNA. The prototypic <i>cis</i>-acting element in the 5′ untranslated region (5′UTR) of poliovirus mRNA, which is able to direct initiation at an internal start codon without the involvement of a cap structure, has been called an IRES (Internal Ribosome Entry Site or Segment). Despite its early discovery, poliovirus and other related IRES elements of type I are poorly characterized, and it is not yet clear which host proteins (a.k.a. IRES trans-acting factors, ITAFs) are required for their full activity in vivo. Here we discuss recent and old results devoted to type I IRESes and provide evidence that Poly(rC) binding protein 2 (PCBP2), Glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GARS), and Cold Shock Domain Containing E1 (CSDE1, also known as UNR) are major regulators of type I IRES activity.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/24/15497IREStranslation initiationpoliovirusPCBP2CSDE1UNR |
| spellingShingle | Dmitry E. Andreev Michael Niepmann Ivan N. Shatsky Elusive Trans-Acting Factors Which Operate with Type I (Poliovirus-like) IRES Elements International Journal of Molecular Sciences IRES translation initiation poliovirus PCBP2 CSDE1 UNR |
| title | Elusive Trans-Acting Factors Which Operate with Type I (Poliovirus-like) IRES Elements |
| title_full | Elusive Trans-Acting Factors Which Operate with Type I (Poliovirus-like) IRES Elements |
| title_fullStr | Elusive Trans-Acting Factors Which Operate with Type I (Poliovirus-like) IRES Elements |
| title_full_unstemmed | Elusive Trans-Acting Factors Which Operate with Type I (Poliovirus-like) IRES Elements |
| title_short | Elusive Trans-Acting Factors Which Operate with Type I (Poliovirus-like) IRES Elements |
| title_sort | elusive trans acting factors which operate with type i poliovirus like ires elements |
| topic | IRES translation initiation poliovirus PCBP2 CSDE1 UNR |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/24/15497 |
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