Ultrasound Technologies and the Diagnosis of Giant Cell Arteritis
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a primary autoimmune vasculitis that specifically affects medium-sized extracranial arteries, like superficial temporal arteries (TAs). The most important data to be considered for the ultrasound (US) diagnosis of temporal arteritis are stenosis, acute occlusions and “d...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/12/1801 |
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| author | Dragoș Cătălin Jianu Silviana Nina Jianu Traian Flavius Dan Georgiana Munteanu Claudiu Dumitru Bîrdac Andrei Gheorghe Marius Motoc Any Docu Axelerad Ligia Petrica Anca Elena Gogu |
| author_facet | Dragoș Cătălin Jianu Silviana Nina Jianu Traian Flavius Dan Georgiana Munteanu Claudiu Dumitru Bîrdac Andrei Gheorghe Marius Motoc Any Docu Axelerad Ligia Petrica Anca Elena Gogu |
| author_sort | Dragoș Cătălin Jianu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a primary autoimmune vasculitis that specifically affects medium-sized extracranial arteries, like superficial temporal arteries (TAs). The most important data to be considered for the ultrasound (US) diagnosis of temporal arteritis are stenosis, acute occlusions and “dark halo” sign, which represent the edema of the vascular wall. The vessel wall thickening of large vessels in GCA can be recognized by the US, which has high sensitivity and is facile to use. Ocular complications of GCA are common and consist especially of anterior arterial ischemic optic neuropathies or central retinal artery occlusion with sudden, painless, and sharp loss of vision in the affected eye. Color Doppler imaging of the orbital vessels (showing low-end diastolic velocities and a high resistance index) is essential to quickly differentiate the mechanism of ocular involvement (arteritic versus non-arteritic), since the characteristics of TAs on US do not correspond with ocular involvement on GCA. GCA should be cured immediately with systemic corticosteroids to avoid further visual loss of the eyes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:34:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b9decd2e4a50495d93cc984b36958fb4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:34:00Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-b9decd2e4a50495d93cc984b36958fb42023-11-23T03:55:47ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592021-11-01912180110.3390/biomedicines9121801Ultrasound Technologies and the Diagnosis of Giant Cell ArteritisDragoș Cătălin Jianu0Silviana Nina Jianu1Traian Flavius Dan2Georgiana Munteanu3Claudiu Dumitru Bîrdac4Andrei Gheorghe Marius Motoc5Any Docu Axelerad6Ligia Petrica7Anca Elena Gogu8Department of Neurosciences-Division of Neurology, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, RomaniaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Dr. Victor Popescu Military Emergency Hospital, 300041 Timișoara, RomaniaDepartment of Neurosciences-Division of Neurology, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, RomaniaDepartment of Neurosciences-Division of Neurology, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, RomaniaCentre for Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology (NeuroPsy-Cog), Department of Neurosciences, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, RomaniaCentre for Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology (NeuroPsy-Cog), Department of Neurosciences, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, RomaniaCentre for Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology (NeuroPsy-Cog), Department of Neurosciences, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, RomaniaCentre for Cognitive Research in Neuropsychiatric Pathology (NeuroPsy-Cog), Department of Neurosciences, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, RomaniaDepartment of Neurosciences-Division of Neurology, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, RomaniaGiant cell arteritis (GCA) is a primary autoimmune vasculitis that specifically affects medium-sized extracranial arteries, like superficial temporal arteries (TAs). The most important data to be considered for the ultrasound (US) diagnosis of temporal arteritis are stenosis, acute occlusions and “dark halo” sign, which represent the edema of the vascular wall. The vessel wall thickening of large vessels in GCA can be recognized by the US, which has high sensitivity and is facile to use. Ocular complications of GCA are common and consist especially of anterior arterial ischemic optic neuropathies or central retinal artery occlusion with sudden, painless, and sharp loss of vision in the affected eye. Color Doppler imaging of the orbital vessels (showing low-end diastolic velocities and a high resistance index) is essential to quickly differentiate the mechanism of ocular involvement (arteritic versus non-arteritic), since the characteristics of TAs on US do not correspond with ocular involvement on GCA. GCA should be cured immediately with systemic corticosteroids to avoid further visual loss of the eyes.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/12/1801giant cell arteritis (GCA)“dark halo” signcolor Doppler imaging (CDI) of the orbital vessels |
| spellingShingle | Dragoș Cătălin Jianu Silviana Nina Jianu Traian Flavius Dan Georgiana Munteanu Claudiu Dumitru Bîrdac Andrei Gheorghe Marius Motoc Any Docu Axelerad Ligia Petrica Anca Elena Gogu Ultrasound Technologies and the Diagnosis of Giant Cell Arteritis Biomedicines giant cell arteritis (GCA) “dark halo” sign color Doppler imaging (CDI) of the orbital vessels |
| title | Ultrasound Technologies and the Diagnosis of Giant Cell Arteritis |
| title_full | Ultrasound Technologies and the Diagnosis of Giant Cell Arteritis |
| title_fullStr | Ultrasound Technologies and the Diagnosis of Giant Cell Arteritis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ultrasound Technologies and the Diagnosis of Giant Cell Arteritis |
| title_short | Ultrasound Technologies and the Diagnosis of Giant Cell Arteritis |
| title_sort | ultrasound technologies and the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis |
| topic | giant cell arteritis (GCA) “dark halo” sign color Doppler imaging (CDI) of the orbital vessels |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/12/1801 |
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