Prediction of Wet Area of Underwater Tunnel Lining
The issue of water seepage poses a significant challenge in tunnel infrastructure. Wet areas are commonly used to evaluate the degree of water seepage in tunnel projects. To investigate the feasibility for numerical simulation to predict a wet area, we selected concrete test blocks with two types of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Buildings |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/14/2/408 |
| _version_ | 1797298714779320320 |
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| author | Leyi Lai Yuanzhu Zhang Kuixin Xu |
| author_facet | Leyi Lai Yuanzhu Zhang Kuixin Xu |
| author_sort | Leyi Lai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The issue of water seepage poses a significant challenge in tunnel infrastructure. Wet areas are commonly used to evaluate the degree of water seepage in tunnel projects. To investigate the feasibility for numerical simulation to predict a wet area, we selected concrete test blocks with two types of defects—holes and cracks—as the research specimens. Numerical models for various seepage conditions were constructed using TOUGH2, and the results were validated through laboratory experiments. Additionally, the Shenjiamen Subsea Tunnel was simplified into a numerical model, employing TOUGH2 to forecast its future wet area performance within the scope of national standards. The outcomes of our research revealed that point seepage and line seepage exhibited circular and elliptical morphologies, respectively. Moreover, external water pressure and defect size exerted a significant influence on the expansion of the wet area. Notably, the impact of crack width surpassed that of hole diameter. Encouragingly, the numerical models generated using TOUGH2 for unsaturated concrete demonstrated excellent agreement with laboratory test results concerning the geometry, size, and pattern of the wet area. These findings signified the potential of TOUGH2 numerical simulation as a valuable tool in predicting the lifespan of tunnels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:39:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b9df1bd55ba642f29abce14ed694ea03 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-5309 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:39:59Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Buildings |
| spelling | doaj.art-b9df1bd55ba642f29abce14ed694ea032024-02-23T15:10:09ZengMDPI AGBuildings2075-53092024-02-0114240810.3390/buildings14020408Prediction of Wet Area of Underwater Tunnel LiningLeyi Lai0Yuanzhu Zhang1Kuixin Xu2College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou 310015, ChinaYangtze River Wuhan Waterway Engineering Bureau, Wuhan 430014, ChinaThe issue of water seepage poses a significant challenge in tunnel infrastructure. Wet areas are commonly used to evaluate the degree of water seepage in tunnel projects. To investigate the feasibility for numerical simulation to predict a wet area, we selected concrete test blocks with two types of defects—holes and cracks—as the research specimens. Numerical models for various seepage conditions were constructed using TOUGH2, and the results were validated through laboratory experiments. Additionally, the Shenjiamen Subsea Tunnel was simplified into a numerical model, employing TOUGH2 to forecast its future wet area performance within the scope of national standards. The outcomes of our research revealed that point seepage and line seepage exhibited circular and elliptical morphologies, respectively. Moreover, external water pressure and defect size exerted a significant influence on the expansion of the wet area. Notably, the impact of crack width surpassed that of hole diameter. Encouragingly, the numerical models generated using TOUGH2 for unsaturated concrete demonstrated excellent agreement with laboratory test results concerning the geometry, size, and pattern of the wet area. These findings signified the potential of TOUGH2 numerical simulation as a valuable tool in predicting the lifespan of tunnels.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/14/2/408tunnel leakagedefect formwet areawater pressure |
| spellingShingle | Leyi Lai Yuanzhu Zhang Kuixin Xu Prediction of Wet Area of Underwater Tunnel Lining Buildings tunnel leakage defect form wet area water pressure |
| title | Prediction of Wet Area of Underwater Tunnel Lining |
| title_full | Prediction of Wet Area of Underwater Tunnel Lining |
| title_fullStr | Prediction of Wet Area of Underwater Tunnel Lining |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prediction of Wet Area of Underwater Tunnel Lining |
| title_short | Prediction of Wet Area of Underwater Tunnel Lining |
| title_sort | prediction of wet area of underwater tunnel lining |
| topic | tunnel leakage defect form wet area water pressure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/14/2/408 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT leyilai predictionofwetareaofunderwatertunnellining AT yuanzhuzhang predictionofwetareaofunderwatertunnellining AT kuixinxu predictionofwetareaofunderwatertunnellining |