Single-Time Mechanical Deep Placement Fertilization Using Bulk Blending Fertilizer on Machine-Transplanted Rice: Balanced Yield, Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency, and Economic Benefits
Despite growing interest in controlled-release N fertilizers (CRNFs) because of their potential for enhancing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and economic returns, their comprehensive impact on machine-transplanted rice remains to be understudied. To address this gap, here, we present a two-year field...
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/10/2473 |
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| author | Rongchuan He Yuhui Wang Jiaqi Li Haoyu Qian Fei Yang Ganghua Li Yanfeng Ding Jian Ke Weiwei Li |
| author_facet | Rongchuan He Yuhui Wang Jiaqi Li Haoyu Qian Fei Yang Ganghua Li Yanfeng Ding Jian Ke Weiwei Li |
| author_sort | Rongchuan He |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Despite growing interest in controlled-release N fertilizers (CRNFs) because of their potential for enhancing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and economic returns, their comprehensive impact on machine-transplanted rice remains to be understudied. To address this gap, here, we present a two-year field experiment that assessed the impact of CRNF using mechanical deep placement fertilization (DPF) on rice cultivation. The study involved three CRNF types (bulk blending fertilizer (BBF), polymer-coated urea (PCU), and sulfur-coated urea (SCU)) and two fertilization methods (DPF and broadcast application), with a high-yield split fertilization of urea as a control (CK). The results showed that DPF, especially with SCU, greatly enhanced soil NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N concentrations, NUE, rice yield, and economic benefits compared to broadcast application. BBF consistently exhibited superior NUE and notable economic benefits, regardless of the application method used. Conversely, single-time application of PCU was less favorable for rice growth. In conclusion, for optimal economic benefits and NUE, DPF combined with single-time application of SCU is recommended. However, if deep application is not feasible and only broadcasting is possible in rice cultivation, BBF emerges as the ideal choice for both high NUE and significant economic returns. This research offers insights for improved nitrogen management in machine-transplanted rice, effectively optimizing yield, NUE, and profitability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:31:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b9e024c325ab4ee18b445c0b9cabba65 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:31:37Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-b9e024c325ab4ee18b445c0b9cabba652023-11-19T15:20:39ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-09-011310247310.3390/agronomy13102473Single-Time Mechanical Deep Placement Fertilization Using Bulk Blending Fertilizer on Machine-Transplanted Rice: Balanced Yield, Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency, and Economic BenefitsRongchuan He0Yuhui Wang1Jiaqi Li2Haoyu Qian3Fei Yang4Ganghua Li5Yanfeng Ding6Jian Ke7Weiwei Li8Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya 572000, ChinaSanya Institute of Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya 572000, ChinaSanya Institute of Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya 572000, ChinaSanya Institute of Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya 572000, ChinaSanya Institute of Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya 572000, ChinaSanya Institute of Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya 572000, ChinaSanya Institute of Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya 572000, ChinaCollege of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230031, ChinaSanya Institute of Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya 572000, ChinaDespite growing interest in controlled-release N fertilizers (CRNFs) because of their potential for enhancing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and economic returns, their comprehensive impact on machine-transplanted rice remains to be understudied. To address this gap, here, we present a two-year field experiment that assessed the impact of CRNF using mechanical deep placement fertilization (DPF) on rice cultivation. The study involved three CRNF types (bulk blending fertilizer (BBF), polymer-coated urea (PCU), and sulfur-coated urea (SCU)) and two fertilization methods (DPF and broadcast application), with a high-yield split fertilization of urea as a control (CK). The results showed that DPF, especially with SCU, greatly enhanced soil NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N concentrations, NUE, rice yield, and economic benefits compared to broadcast application. BBF consistently exhibited superior NUE and notable economic benefits, regardless of the application method used. Conversely, single-time application of PCU was less favorable for rice growth. In conclusion, for optimal economic benefits and NUE, DPF combined with single-time application of SCU is recommended. However, if deep application is not feasible and only broadcasting is possible in rice cultivation, BBF emerges as the ideal choice for both high NUE and significant economic returns. This research offers insights for improved nitrogen management in machine-transplanted rice, effectively optimizing yield, NUE, and profitability.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/10/2473<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.controlled-release nitrogen fertilizerfertilization methodyieldN use efficiency |
| spellingShingle | Rongchuan He Yuhui Wang Jiaqi Li Haoyu Qian Fei Yang Ganghua Li Yanfeng Ding Jian Ke Weiwei Li Single-Time Mechanical Deep Placement Fertilization Using Bulk Blending Fertilizer on Machine-Transplanted Rice: Balanced Yield, Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency, and Economic Benefits Agronomy <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer fertilization method yield N use efficiency |
| title | Single-Time Mechanical Deep Placement Fertilization Using Bulk Blending Fertilizer on Machine-Transplanted Rice: Balanced Yield, Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency, and Economic Benefits |
| title_full | Single-Time Mechanical Deep Placement Fertilization Using Bulk Blending Fertilizer on Machine-Transplanted Rice: Balanced Yield, Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency, and Economic Benefits |
| title_fullStr | Single-Time Mechanical Deep Placement Fertilization Using Bulk Blending Fertilizer on Machine-Transplanted Rice: Balanced Yield, Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency, and Economic Benefits |
| title_full_unstemmed | Single-Time Mechanical Deep Placement Fertilization Using Bulk Blending Fertilizer on Machine-Transplanted Rice: Balanced Yield, Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency, and Economic Benefits |
| title_short | Single-Time Mechanical Deep Placement Fertilization Using Bulk Blending Fertilizer on Machine-Transplanted Rice: Balanced Yield, Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency, and Economic Benefits |
| title_sort | single time mechanical deep placement fertilization using bulk blending fertilizer on machine transplanted rice balanced yield nitrogen utilization efficiency and economic benefits |
| topic | <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer fertilization method yield N use efficiency |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/10/2473 |
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