Risk Assessment of COVID-19 Cases in Emergency Departments and Clinics With the Use of Real-World Data and Artificial Intelligence: Observational Study
BackgroundThe recent COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the weaknesses of health care systems around the world. In the effort to improve the monitoring of cases admitted to emergency departments, it has become increasingly necessary to adopt new innovative technological soluti...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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JMIR Publications
2022-11-01
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| Series: | JMIR Formative Research |
| Online Access: | https://formative.jmir.org/2022/11/e36933 |
| _version_ | 1797734673586061312 |
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| author | Evangelos Logaras Antonis Billis Ilias Kyparissidis Kokkinidis Smaranda Nafsika Ketseridou Alexios Fourlis Aristotelis Tzotzis Konstantinos Imprialos Michael Doumas Panagiotis Bamidis |
| author_facet | Evangelos Logaras Antonis Billis Ilias Kyparissidis Kokkinidis Smaranda Nafsika Ketseridou Alexios Fourlis Aristotelis Tzotzis Konstantinos Imprialos Michael Doumas Panagiotis Bamidis |
| author_sort | Evangelos Logaras |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
BackgroundThe recent COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the weaknesses of health care systems around the world. In the effort to improve the monitoring of cases admitted to emergency departments, it has become increasingly necessary to adopt new innovative technological solutions in clinical practice. Currently, the continuous monitoring of vital signs is only performed in patients admitted to the intensive care unit.
ObjectiveThe study aimed to develop a smart system that will dynamically prioritize patients through the continuous monitoring of vital signs using a wearable biosensor device and recording of meaningful clinical records and estimate the likelihood of deterioration of each case using artificial intelligence models.
MethodsThe data for the study were collected from the emergency department and COVID-19 inpatient unit of the Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki. The study was carried out in the framework of the COVID-X H2020 project, which was funded by the European Union. For the training of the neural network, data collection was performed from COVID-19 cases hospitalized in the respective unit. A wearable biosensor device was placed on the wrist of each patient, which recorded the primary characteristics of the visual signal related to breathing assessment.
ResultsA total of 157 adult patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were recruited. Lasso penalty function was used for selecting 18 out of 48 predictors and 2 random forest–based models were implemented for comparison. The high overall performance was maintained, if not improved, by feature selection, with random forest achieving accuracies of 80.9% and 82.1% when trained using all predictors and a subset of them, respectively. Preliminary results, although affected by pandemic limitations and restrictions, were promising regarding breathing pattern recognition.
ConclusionsThis study represents a novel approach that involves the use of machine learning methods and Edge artificial intelligence to assist the prioritization and continuous monitoring procedures of patients with COVID-19 in health departments. Although initial results appear to be promising, further studies are required to examine its actual effectiveness. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:47:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b9e041e72c744957a9ca69bc66c7b495 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2561-326X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:47:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | JMIR Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | JMIR Formative Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-b9e041e72c744957a9ca69bc66c7b4952023-08-28T23:14:38ZengJMIR PublicationsJMIR Formative Research2561-326X2022-11-01611e3693310.2196/36933Risk Assessment of COVID-19 Cases in Emergency Departments and Clinics With the Use of Real-World Data and Artificial Intelligence: Observational StudyEvangelos Logarashttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4921-3819Antonis Billishttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1854-7560Ilias Kyparissidis Kokkinidishttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3307-4351Smaranda Nafsika Ketseridouhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0304-4194Alexios Fourlishttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7754-5541Aristotelis Tzotzishttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3244-5509Konstantinos Imprialoshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0379-0522Michael Doumashttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-8044Panagiotis Bamidishttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9936-5805 BackgroundThe recent COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the weaknesses of health care systems around the world. In the effort to improve the monitoring of cases admitted to emergency departments, it has become increasingly necessary to adopt new innovative technological solutions in clinical practice. Currently, the continuous monitoring of vital signs is only performed in patients admitted to the intensive care unit. ObjectiveThe study aimed to develop a smart system that will dynamically prioritize patients through the continuous monitoring of vital signs using a wearable biosensor device and recording of meaningful clinical records and estimate the likelihood of deterioration of each case using artificial intelligence models. MethodsThe data for the study were collected from the emergency department and COVID-19 inpatient unit of the Hippokration General Hospital of Thessaloniki. The study was carried out in the framework of the COVID-X H2020 project, which was funded by the European Union. For the training of the neural network, data collection was performed from COVID-19 cases hospitalized in the respective unit. A wearable biosensor device was placed on the wrist of each patient, which recorded the primary characteristics of the visual signal related to breathing assessment. ResultsA total of 157 adult patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were recruited. Lasso penalty function was used for selecting 18 out of 48 predictors and 2 random forest–based models were implemented for comparison. The high overall performance was maintained, if not improved, by feature selection, with random forest achieving accuracies of 80.9% and 82.1% when trained using all predictors and a subset of them, respectively. Preliminary results, although affected by pandemic limitations and restrictions, were promising regarding breathing pattern recognition. ConclusionsThis study represents a novel approach that involves the use of machine learning methods and Edge artificial intelligence to assist the prioritization and continuous monitoring procedures of patients with COVID-19 in health departments. Although initial results appear to be promising, further studies are required to examine its actual effectiveness.https://formative.jmir.org/2022/11/e36933 |
| spellingShingle | Evangelos Logaras Antonis Billis Ilias Kyparissidis Kokkinidis Smaranda Nafsika Ketseridou Alexios Fourlis Aristotelis Tzotzis Konstantinos Imprialos Michael Doumas Panagiotis Bamidis Risk Assessment of COVID-19 Cases in Emergency Departments and Clinics With the Use of Real-World Data and Artificial Intelligence: Observational Study JMIR Formative Research |
| title | Risk Assessment of COVID-19 Cases in Emergency Departments and Clinics With the Use of Real-World Data and Artificial Intelligence: Observational Study |
| title_full | Risk Assessment of COVID-19 Cases in Emergency Departments and Clinics With the Use of Real-World Data and Artificial Intelligence: Observational Study |
| title_fullStr | Risk Assessment of COVID-19 Cases in Emergency Departments and Clinics With the Use of Real-World Data and Artificial Intelligence: Observational Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk Assessment of COVID-19 Cases in Emergency Departments and Clinics With the Use of Real-World Data and Artificial Intelligence: Observational Study |
| title_short | Risk Assessment of COVID-19 Cases in Emergency Departments and Clinics With the Use of Real-World Data and Artificial Intelligence: Observational Study |
| title_sort | risk assessment of covid 19 cases in emergency departments and clinics with the use of real world data and artificial intelligence observational study |
| url | https://formative.jmir.org/2022/11/e36933 |
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