A Label-Free Electrochemical Aptasensor Based on Zn/Fe Bimetallic MOF Derived Nanoporous Carbon for Ultra-Sensitive and Selective Determination of Paraquat in Vegetables
Paraquat (PQ) has high acute toxicity, even at low concentrations. For most people, the main pathway of exposure to PQ is through the diet. Therefore, the development of simple and efficient methods for PQ testing is critical for ensuring food safety. In this study, a new electrochemical detection s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/11/16/2405 |
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| author | Qiaoling Wu Han Tao Yuangen Wu Xiao Wang Qili Shi Donglin Xiang |
| author_facet | Qiaoling Wu Han Tao Yuangen Wu Xiao Wang Qili Shi Donglin Xiang |
| author_sort | Qiaoling Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Paraquat (PQ) has high acute toxicity, even at low concentrations. For most people, the main pathway of exposure to PQ is through the diet. Therefore, the development of simple and efficient methods for PQ testing is critical for ensuring food safety. In this study, a new electrochemical detection strategy for paraquat is proposed based on the specific binding of PQ to its nucleic acid aptamer. Firstly, the Zn/Fe bimetallic ZIF derived nanoporous carbon (Zn/Fe-ZIF-NPC) and nickel hexacyanoferrate nanoparticles (NiHCF-NPs) were sequentially modified onto the glassy carbon electrode (GCE). NiHCF-NPs served as the signal probes, while Zn/Fe-ZIF-NPC facilitated electron transfer and effectively enhanced the sensing signal of NiHCF-NPs. Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) were then electrodeposited on the NiHCF-NPs/Zn/Fe-ZIF-NPC/GCE and then the thiolated aptamer was assembled on the AuNPs/NiHCF-NPs/Zn/Fe-ZIF-NPC/GCE via Au-S bonding. When incubated with PQ, the formation of PQ–aptamer complexes delayed the interfacial electron transport reaction of NiHCF-NPs, which caused a decrease in the current signals. As a result, simple and highly sensitive detection of PQ can be readily achieved by detecting the signal changes. A linear range was obtained from 0.001 to 100 mg/L with a detection limit as low as 0.34 μg/L. Due to the recognition specificity of the aptamer to its target molecule, the proposed method has excellent anti-interference ability. The prepared electrochemical aptasensor was successfully used for PQ assay in lettuce, cabbage and agriculture irrigation water samples with recoveries ranging from 96.20% to 104.02%, demonstrating the validity and practicality of the proposed method for PQ detection in real samples. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:27:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b9e927eaea5b4a22925136c01cd48720 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:27:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-b9e927eaea5b4a22925136c01cd487202023-12-03T13:39:17ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582022-08-011116240510.3390/foods11162405A Label-Free Electrochemical Aptasensor Based on Zn/Fe Bimetallic MOF Derived Nanoporous Carbon for Ultra-Sensitive and Selective Determination of Paraquat in VegetablesQiaoling Wu0Han Tao1Yuangen Wu2Xiao Wang3Qili Shi4Donglin Xiang5School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaSchool of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaSchool of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaSchool of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaSchool of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaSchool of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, ChinaParaquat (PQ) has high acute toxicity, even at low concentrations. For most people, the main pathway of exposure to PQ is through the diet. Therefore, the development of simple and efficient methods for PQ testing is critical for ensuring food safety. In this study, a new electrochemical detection strategy for paraquat is proposed based on the specific binding of PQ to its nucleic acid aptamer. Firstly, the Zn/Fe bimetallic ZIF derived nanoporous carbon (Zn/Fe-ZIF-NPC) and nickel hexacyanoferrate nanoparticles (NiHCF-NPs) were sequentially modified onto the glassy carbon electrode (GCE). NiHCF-NPs served as the signal probes, while Zn/Fe-ZIF-NPC facilitated electron transfer and effectively enhanced the sensing signal of NiHCF-NPs. Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) were then electrodeposited on the NiHCF-NPs/Zn/Fe-ZIF-NPC/GCE and then the thiolated aptamer was assembled on the AuNPs/NiHCF-NPs/Zn/Fe-ZIF-NPC/GCE via Au-S bonding. When incubated with PQ, the formation of PQ–aptamer complexes delayed the interfacial electron transport reaction of NiHCF-NPs, which caused a decrease in the current signals. As a result, simple and highly sensitive detection of PQ can be readily achieved by detecting the signal changes. A linear range was obtained from 0.001 to 100 mg/L with a detection limit as low as 0.34 μg/L. Due to the recognition specificity of the aptamer to its target molecule, the proposed method has excellent anti-interference ability. The prepared electrochemical aptasensor was successfully used for PQ assay in lettuce, cabbage and agriculture irrigation water samples with recoveries ranging from 96.20% to 104.02%, demonstrating the validity and practicality of the proposed method for PQ detection in real samples.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/11/16/2405paraquatZn/Fe bimetallic MOFnanoporous carbonelectrochemical aptasensorlabel-freefood safety |
| spellingShingle | Qiaoling Wu Han Tao Yuangen Wu Xiao Wang Qili Shi Donglin Xiang A Label-Free Electrochemical Aptasensor Based on Zn/Fe Bimetallic MOF Derived Nanoporous Carbon for Ultra-Sensitive and Selective Determination of Paraquat in Vegetables Foods paraquat Zn/Fe bimetallic MOF nanoporous carbon electrochemical aptasensor label-free food safety |
| title | A Label-Free Electrochemical Aptasensor Based on Zn/Fe Bimetallic MOF Derived Nanoporous Carbon for Ultra-Sensitive and Selective Determination of Paraquat in Vegetables |
| title_full | A Label-Free Electrochemical Aptasensor Based on Zn/Fe Bimetallic MOF Derived Nanoporous Carbon for Ultra-Sensitive and Selective Determination of Paraquat in Vegetables |
| title_fullStr | A Label-Free Electrochemical Aptasensor Based on Zn/Fe Bimetallic MOF Derived Nanoporous Carbon for Ultra-Sensitive and Selective Determination of Paraquat in Vegetables |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Label-Free Electrochemical Aptasensor Based on Zn/Fe Bimetallic MOF Derived Nanoporous Carbon for Ultra-Sensitive and Selective Determination of Paraquat in Vegetables |
| title_short | A Label-Free Electrochemical Aptasensor Based on Zn/Fe Bimetallic MOF Derived Nanoporous Carbon for Ultra-Sensitive and Selective Determination of Paraquat in Vegetables |
| title_sort | label free electrochemical aptasensor based on zn fe bimetallic mof derived nanoporous carbon for ultra sensitive and selective determination of paraquat in vegetables |
| topic | paraquat Zn/Fe bimetallic MOF nanoporous carbon electrochemical aptasensor label-free food safety |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/11/16/2405 |
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