Dietary Microencapsulated Blend of Organic Acids and Plant Essential Oils Affects Intestinal Morphology and Microbiome of Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>)
A study was conducted on 500 juvenile rainbow trout (122 ± 4 g) fed either a control diet or a treatment diet containing 300 mg/kg of a microencapsulated blend of organic acids and essential oils to elucidate effects on intestinal morphology and microbiome. Proximal intestinal villi length was signi...
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/10/2063 |
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| author | David Huyben Marcia Chiasson John S. Lumsden Phuc H. Pham Mohiuddin A. Kabir Chowdhury |
| author_facet | David Huyben Marcia Chiasson John S. Lumsden Phuc H. Pham Mohiuddin A. Kabir Chowdhury |
| author_sort | David Huyben |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A study was conducted on 500 juvenile rainbow trout (122 ± 4 g) fed either a control diet or a treatment diet containing 300 mg/kg of a microencapsulated blend of organic acids and essential oils to elucidate effects on intestinal morphology and microbiome. Proximal intestinal villi length was significantly increased in fish fed the treatment diet. Despite no differences in gut inflammation scores, edema, lamina propria inflammation and apoptosis were completely absent in the distal intestine of fish fed the treatment diet. Next-generation sequencing of the 16S rDNA showed no differences in alpha and beta diversity, and gut bacteria were mainly composed of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. On the genus level, LefSe analysis of indicator OTUs showed <i>Bacteroides</i>, <i>Sporosarcina</i>, <i>Veillonella</i>, <i>Aeromonas</i> and <i>Acinetobacter</i> were associated with the control diet whereas <i>Streptococcus</i>, <i>Fusobacterium</i> and <i>Escherichia</i> were associated with the treatment diet. <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> and <i>Acinetobacter</i> spp. are opportunistic pathogens and several strains have been found to be resistant to antibiotics. The increase in villi length and reduction of specific pathogens indicates that feeding a microencapsulated blend of organic acids and essential oils improves gut health and may serve as a part of an effective strategy to reduce antibiotic use in aquaculture. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:22:22Z |
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| id | doaj.art-b9f22974ce92406584d1a77a9878d5ae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:22:22Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-b9f22974ce92406584d1a77a9878d5ae2023-11-22T19:13:40ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072021-09-01910206310.3390/microorganisms9102063Dietary Microencapsulated Blend of Organic Acids and Plant Essential Oils Affects Intestinal Morphology and Microbiome of Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>)David Huyben0Marcia Chiasson1John S. Lumsden2Phuc H. Pham3Mohiuddin A. Kabir Chowdhury4Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, CanadaOntario Aquaculture Research Centre, Office of Research, University of Guelph, Elora, ON N0B 1S0, CanadaDepartment of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, CanadaDepartment of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, CanadaJefo Nutrition Inc., Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 7B6, CanadaA study was conducted on 500 juvenile rainbow trout (122 ± 4 g) fed either a control diet or a treatment diet containing 300 mg/kg of a microencapsulated blend of organic acids and essential oils to elucidate effects on intestinal morphology and microbiome. Proximal intestinal villi length was significantly increased in fish fed the treatment diet. Despite no differences in gut inflammation scores, edema, lamina propria inflammation and apoptosis were completely absent in the distal intestine of fish fed the treatment diet. Next-generation sequencing of the 16S rDNA showed no differences in alpha and beta diversity, and gut bacteria were mainly composed of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. On the genus level, LefSe analysis of indicator OTUs showed <i>Bacteroides</i>, <i>Sporosarcina</i>, <i>Veillonella</i>, <i>Aeromonas</i> and <i>Acinetobacter</i> were associated with the control diet whereas <i>Streptococcus</i>, <i>Fusobacterium</i> and <i>Escherichia</i> were associated with the treatment diet. <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> and <i>Acinetobacter</i> spp. are opportunistic pathogens and several strains have been found to be resistant to antibiotics. The increase in villi length and reduction of specific pathogens indicates that feeding a microencapsulated blend of organic acids and essential oils improves gut health and may serve as a part of an effective strategy to reduce antibiotic use in aquaculture.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/10/206316S rDNA sequencingaquaculturefeed additivegut inflammationintestinal healthviable plate counts |
| spellingShingle | David Huyben Marcia Chiasson John S. Lumsden Phuc H. Pham Mohiuddin A. Kabir Chowdhury Dietary Microencapsulated Blend of Organic Acids and Plant Essential Oils Affects Intestinal Morphology and Microbiome of Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) Microorganisms 16S rDNA sequencing aquaculture feed additive gut inflammation intestinal health viable plate counts |
| title | Dietary Microencapsulated Blend of Organic Acids and Plant Essential Oils Affects Intestinal Morphology and Microbiome of Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) |
| title_full | Dietary Microencapsulated Blend of Organic Acids and Plant Essential Oils Affects Intestinal Morphology and Microbiome of Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Dietary Microencapsulated Blend of Organic Acids and Plant Essential Oils Affects Intestinal Morphology and Microbiome of Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary Microencapsulated Blend of Organic Acids and Plant Essential Oils Affects Intestinal Morphology and Microbiome of Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) |
| title_short | Dietary Microencapsulated Blend of Organic Acids and Plant Essential Oils Affects Intestinal Morphology and Microbiome of Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) |
| title_sort | dietary microencapsulated blend of organic acids and plant essential oils affects intestinal morphology and microbiome of rainbow trout i oncorhynchus mykiss i |
| topic | 16S rDNA sequencing aquaculture feed additive gut inflammation intestinal health viable plate counts |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/10/2063 |
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