Effect of Fusarium-Derived Metabolites on the Barrier Integrity of Differentiated Intestinal Porcine Epithelial Cells (IPEC-J2)
The human, animal and plant pathogen Fusarium, which contaminates agricultural commodities worldwide, produces numerous secondary metabolites. An example is the thoroughly-investigated deoxynivalenol (DON), which severely impairs gastrointestinal barrier integrity. However, to date, the toxicologica...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2016-11-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/11/345 |
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| author | Alexandra Springler Galina-Jacqueline Vrubel Elisabeth Mayer Gerd Schatzmayr Barbara Novak |
| author_facet | Alexandra Springler Galina-Jacqueline Vrubel Elisabeth Mayer Gerd Schatzmayr Barbara Novak |
| author_sort | Alexandra Springler |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The human, animal and plant pathogen Fusarium, which contaminates agricultural commodities worldwide, produces numerous secondary metabolites. An example is the thoroughly-investigated deoxynivalenol (DON), which severely impairs gastrointestinal barrier integrity. However, to date, the toxicological profile of other Fusarium-derived metabolites, such as enniatins, beauvericin, moniliformin, apicidin, aurofusarin, rubrofusarin, equisetin and bikaverin, are poorly characterized. Thus we examined their effects—as metabolites alone and as metabolites in combination with DON—on the intestinal barrier function of differentiated intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) over 72 h. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was measured at 24-h intervals, followed by evaluation of cell viability using neutral red (NR) assay. Enniatins A, A1, B and B1, apicidin, aurofusarin and beauvericin significantly reduced TEER. Moniliformin, equisetin, bikaverin and rubrofusarin had no effect on TEER. In the case of apicidin, aurofusarin and beauvericin, TEER reductions were further substantiated by the addition of otherwise no-effect DON concentrations. In all cases, viability was unaffected, confirming that TEER reductions were not due to compromised viability. Considering the prevalence of mycotoxin contamination and the diseases associated with intestinal barrier disruption, consumption of contaminated food or feed may have substantial health implications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T11:12:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ba0b96fdb0fb4a35981be789c7d4279b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T11:12:09Z |
| publishDate | 2016-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-ba0b96fdb0fb4a35981be789c7d4279b2022-12-22T04:27:26ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512016-11-0181134510.3390/toxins8110345toxins8110345Effect of Fusarium-Derived Metabolites on the Barrier Integrity of Differentiated Intestinal Porcine Epithelial Cells (IPEC-J2)Alexandra Springler0Galina-Jacqueline Vrubel1Elisabeth Mayer2Gerd Schatzmayr3Barbara Novak4BIOMIN Research Center, Technopark 1, Tulln an der Donau 3430, AustriaBIOMIN Research Center, Technopark 1, Tulln an der Donau 3430, AustriaBIOMIN Research Center, Technopark 1, Tulln an der Donau 3430, AustriaBIOMIN Research Center, Technopark 1, Tulln an der Donau 3430, AustriaBIOMIN Research Center, Technopark 1, Tulln an der Donau 3430, AustriaThe human, animal and plant pathogen Fusarium, which contaminates agricultural commodities worldwide, produces numerous secondary metabolites. An example is the thoroughly-investigated deoxynivalenol (DON), which severely impairs gastrointestinal barrier integrity. However, to date, the toxicological profile of other Fusarium-derived metabolites, such as enniatins, beauvericin, moniliformin, apicidin, aurofusarin, rubrofusarin, equisetin and bikaverin, are poorly characterized. Thus we examined their effects—as metabolites alone and as metabolites in combination with DON—on the intestinal barrier function of differentiated intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) over 72 h. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was measured at 24-h intervals, followed by evaluation of cell viability using neutral red (NR) assay. Enniatins A, A1, B and B1, apicidin, aurofusarin and beauvericin significantly reduced TEER. Moniliformin, equisetin, bikaverin and rubrofusarin had no effect on TEER. In the case of apicidin, aurofusarin and beauvericin, TEER reductions were further substantiated by the addition of otherwise no-effect DON concentrations. In all cases, viability was unaffected, confirming that TEER reductions were not due to compromised viability. Considering the prevalence of mycotoxin contamination and the diseases associated with intestinal barrier disruption, consumption of contaminated food or feed may have substantial health implications.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/11/345emerging mycotoxintransepithelial electrical resistanceIPEC-J2deoxynivalenolintestinal barrier function |
| spellingShingle | Alexandra Springler Galina-Jacqueline Vrubel Elisabeth Mayer Gerd Schatzmayr Barbara Novak Effect of Fusarium-Derived Metabolites on the Barrier Integrity of Differentiated Intestinal Porcine Epithelial Cells (IPEC-J2) Toxins emerging mycotoxin transepithelial electrical resistance IPEC-J2 deoxynivalenol intestinal barrier function |
| title | Effect of Fusarium-Derived Metabolites on the Barrier Integrity of Differentiated Intestinal Porcine Epithelial Cells (IPEC-J2) |
| title_full | Effect of Fusarium-Derived Metabolites on the Barrier Integrity of Differentiated Intestinal Porcine Epithelial Cells (IPEC-J2) |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Fusarium-Derived Metabolites on the Barrier Integrity of Differentiated Intestinal Porcine Epithelial Cells (IPEC-J2) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Fusarium-Derived Metabolites on the Barrier Integrity of Differentiated Intestinal Porcine Epithelial Cells (IPEC-J2) |
| title_short | Effect of Fusarium-Derived Metabolites on the Barrier Integrity of Differentiated Intestinal Porcine Epithelial Cells (IPEC-J2) |
| title_sort | effect of fusarium derived metabolites on the barrier integrity of differentiated intestinal porcine epithelial cells ipec j2 |
| topic | emerging mycotoxin transepithelial electrical resistance IPEC-J2 deoxynivalenol intestinal barrier function |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/8/11/345 |
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