Biodiesel Production from Macroalgae Oil from <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> Using Magnetic Catalyst in Unconventional Reactor Assisted by Magnetic Field
A novel magnetic catalyst with hollow cylinder shape based on K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Sepiolite/CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was prepared to convert macroalgae oil (<i>Fucus vesiculosus&l...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-12-01
|
| Series: | Magnetochemistry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2312-7481/8/12/177 |
| _version_ | 1797456613012930560 |
|---|---|
| author | Euripedes Garcia Silveira Junior Lilian Fiori Boechat de Souza Victor Haber Perez Oselys Rodriguez Justo Euclésio Simionatto Lincoln Carlos Silva de Oliveira |
| author_facet | Euripedes Garcia Silveira Junior Lilian Fiori Boechat de Souza Victor Haber Perez Oselys Rodriguez Justo Euclésio Simionatto Lincoln Carlos Silva de Oliveira |
| author_sort | Euripedes Garcia Silveira Junior |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A novel magnetic catalyst with hollow cylinder shape based on K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Sepiolite/CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was prepared to convert macroalgae oil (<i>Fucus vesiculosus</i>) into biodiesel in an unconventional reactor assisted by magnetic field. Catalysts were formulated by the extrusion and characterized satisfactorily by physicochemical (mechanical strength, XRD, TG/DTG, FTIR and TPD-CO<sub>2</sub>), magnetic (VSM and EPR), morphological (SEM) and textural properties (BET). While their catalytic performance was also evaluated at 70 °C, oil: ethanol molar ratio 1:12 and 6 wt.% of catalyst using two different reaction systems for comparative purposes: (a) conventional stirred reactor and (b) fluidized bed reactor assisted by a magnetic field. The attained biodiesel presents properties in accordance with the standard limits (ASTM and EN) and total conversion (>99%) was observed in both cases after 2 h of reaction without significant differences between the two reactors. However, the magnetic properties of these catalysts allowed stabilization of the bed under a magnetic field and easy magnetic catalyst separation/recovery at the reaction end, showing their great potential for biodiesel production with regard to conventional process and thus, transforming it into a more sustainable technology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:10:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ba106d9950184d64b66e4c06bd6a76ae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2312-7481 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:10:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Magnetochemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-ba106d9950184d64b66e4c06bd6a76ae2023-11-24T16:18:37ZengMDPI AGMagnetochemistry2312-74812022-12-0181217710.3390/magnetochemistry8120177Biodiesel Production from Macroalgae Oil from <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> Using Magnetic Catalyst in Unconventional Reactor Assisted by Magnetic FieldEuripedes Garcia Silveira Junior0Lilian Fiori Boechat de Souza1Victor Haber Perez2Oselys Rodriguez Justo3Euclésio Simionatto4Lincoln Carlos Silva de Oliveira5Center of Sciences and Agricultural Technologies (CCTA), State University of Northern of Rio de Janeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, BrazilCenter of Sciences and Agricultural Technologies (CCTA), State University of Northern of Rio de Janeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, BrazilCenter of Sciences and Agricultural Technologies (CCTA), State University of Northern of Rio de Janeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, BrazilEstácio de Sá University (UNESA), Campos dos Goytacazes 28020-740, RJ, BrazilChemistry Department, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Naviraí 79950-000, MS, BrazilChemistry Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, BrazilA novel magnetic catalyst with hollow cylinder shape based on K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Sepiolite/CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was prepared to convert macroalgae oil (<i>Fucus vesiculosus</i>) into biodiesel in an unconventional reactor assisted by magnetic field. Catalysts were formulated by the extrusion and characterized satisfactorily by physicochemical (mechanical strength, XRD, TG/DTG, FTIR and TPD-CO<sub>2</sub>), magnetic (VSM and EPR), morphological (SEM) and textural properties (BET). While their catalytic performance was also evaluated at 70 °C, oil: ethanol molar ratio 1:12 and 6 wt.% of catalyst using two different reaction systems for comparative purposes: (a) conventional stirred reactor and (b) fluidized bed reactor assisted by a magnetic field. The attained biodiesel presents properties in accordance with the standard limits (ASTM and EN) and total conversion (>99%) was observed in both cases after 2 h of reaction without significant differences between the two reactors. However, the magnetic properties of these catalysts allowed stabilization of the bed under a magnetic field and easy magnetic catalyst separation/recovery at the reaction end, showing their great potential for biodiesel production with regard to conventional process and thus, transforming it into a more sustainable technology.https://www.mdpi.com/2312-7481/8/12/177macroalgae oilmagnetic catalystbiodieselunconventional reactormagnetic field |
| spellingShingle | Euripedes Garcia Silveira Junior Lilian Fiori Boechat de Souza Victor Haber Perez Oselys Rodriguez Justo Euclésio Simionatto Lincoln Carlos Silva de Oliveira Biodiesel Production from Macroalgae Oil from <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> Using Magnetic Catalyst in Unconventional Reactor Assisted by Magnetic Field Magnetochemistry macroalgae oil magnetic catalyst biodiesel unconventional reactor magnetic field |
| title | Biodiesel Production from Macroalgae Oil from <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> Using Magnetic Catalyst in Unconventional Reactor Assisted by Magnetic Field |
| title_full | Biodiesel Production from Macroalgae Oil from <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> Using Magnetic Catalyst in Unconventional Reactor Assisted by Magnetic Field |
| title_fullStr | Biodiesel Production from Macroalgae Oil from <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> Using Magnetic Catalyst in Unconventional Reactor Assisted by Magnetic Field |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biodiesel Production from Macroalgae Oil from <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> Using Magnetic Catalyst in Unconventional Reactor Assisted by Magnetic Field |
| title_short | Biodiesel Production from Macroalgae Oil from <i>Fucus vesiculosus</i> Using Magnetic Catalyst in Unconventional Reactor Assisted by Magnetic Field |
| title_sort | biodiesel production from macroalgae oil from i fucus vesiculosus i using magnetic catalyst in unconventional reactor assisted by magnetic field |
| topic | macroalgae oil magnetic catalyst biodiesel unconventional reactor magnetic field |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2312-7481/8/12/177 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT euripedesgarciasilveirajunior biodieselproductionfrommacroalgaeoilfromifucusvesiculosusiusingmagneticcatalystinunconventionalreactorassistedbymagneticfield AT lilianfioriboechatdesouza biodieselproductionfrommacroalgaeoilfromifucusvesiculosusiusingmagneticcatalystinunconventionalreactorassistedbymagneticfield AT victorhaberperez biodieselproductionfrommacroalgaeoilfromifucusvesiculosusiusingmagneticcatalystinunconventionalreactorassistedbymagneticfield AT oselysrodriguezjusto biodieselproductionfrommacroalgaeoilfromifucusvesiculosusiusingmagneticcatalystinunconventionalreactorassistedbymagneticfield AT euclesiosimionatto biodieselproductionfrommacroalgaeoilfromifucusvesiculosusiusingmagneticcatalystinunconventionalreactorassistedbymagneticfield AT lincolncarlossilvadeoliveira biodieselproductionfrommacroalgaeoilfromifucusvesiculosusiusingmagneticcatalystinunconventionalreactorassistedbymagneticfield |