Relationship between Mediterranean diet and depression in South Korea: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
BackgroundSeveral studies have shown that adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk of depression; however, little is known about the Asian population. This study investigated the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and depression in a sample of the Sou...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1219743/full |
| _version_ | 1797786867624574976 |
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| author | Yeong-Geon Hwang Yeong-Geon Hwang Chongwon Pae Sang-Hyuk Lee Ki-Hwan Yook Chun Il Park |
| author_facet | Yeong-Geon Hwang Yeong-Geon Hwang Chongwon Pae Sang-Hyuk Lee Ki-Hwan Yook Chun Il Park |
| author_sort | Yeong-Geon Hwang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundSeveral studies have shown that adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk of depression; however, little is known about the Asian population. This study investigated the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and depression in a sample of the South Korean population.MethodsIn total, 5,849 adults from the 2014 and 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were included in the study. The Mediterranean diet adherence was measured using a modified alternate Mediterranean diet score (mMED) developed to adjust for Korean dietary patterns. The mMED scores using the Food Frequency Questionnaire were divided into four categories (0–2, 3–4, 5–6, and 7–9 points). Subjects with depression were defined as having moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, with a cutoff value of 10. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A subgroup analysis was performed based on sex.ResultsThe results of logistic regression analysis indicated that individuals with higher mMED were 42–73% less likely to report depression compared to individuals with the lowest mMED [ORs (95% CIs) =0.58 (0.37–0.90), 0.50 (0.31–0.80), 0.27 (0.15–0.47)] after adjusting for socio-demographic and health-related variables. In women, individuals with mMED of 7–9 had 71% lower odds of depression [ORs (95% CIs): 0.29 (0.13–0.64)]. In men, individuals with mMED of 5–9 had 55% [ORs (95% CIs): 0.45 (0.23–0.91)] to 79% [ORs (95% CIs): 0.21 (0.08–0.57)] lower odds of depression.ConclusionThis study suggests that adherence to the Mediterranean diet is inversely associated with depression in both men and women among Korean adults. This study provides evidence that a Mediterranean diet is crucial in preventing depressive symptoms in Asian populations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T01:14:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ba18ad7939994cd3bf2631fc53f26554 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T01:14:55Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-ba18ad7939994cd3bf2631fc53f265542023-07-05T13:39:26ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2023-07-011010.3389/fnut.2023.12197431219743Relationship between Mediterranean diet and depression in South Korea: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination SurveyYeong-Geon Hwang0Yeong-Geon Hwang1Chongwon Pae2Sang-Hyuk Lee3Ki-Hwan Yook4Chun Il Park5Department of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Republic of KoreaGraduate School of Clinical Counseling Psychology, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Psychiatry, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Republic of KoreaBackgroundSeveral studies have shown that adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk of depression; however, little is known about the Asian population. This study investigated the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and depression in a sample of the South Korean population.MethodsIn total, 5,849 adults from the 2014 and 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were included in the study. The Mediterranean diet adherence was measured using a modified alternate Mediterranean diet score (mMED) developed to adjust for Korean dietary patterns. The mMED scores using the Food Frequency Questionnaire were divided into four categories (0–2, 3–4, 5–6, and 7–9 points). Subjects with depression were defined as having moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, with a cutoff value of 10. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A subgroup analysis was performed based on sex.ResultsThe results of logistic regression analysis indicated that individuals with higher mMED were 42–73% less likely to report depression compared to individuals with the lowest mMED [ORs (95% CIs) =0.58 (0.37–0.90), 0.50 (0.31–0.80), 0.27 (0.15–0.47)] after adjusting for socio-demographic and health-related variables. In women, individuals with mMED of 7–9 had 71% lower odds of depression [ORs (95% CIs): 0.29 (0.13–0.64)]. In men, individuals with mMED of 5–9 had 55% [ORs (95% CIs): 0.45 (0.23–0.91)] to 79% [ORs (95% CIs): 0.21 (0.08–0.57)] lower odds of depression.ConclusionThis study suggests that adherence to the Mediterranean diet is inversely associated with depression in both men and women among Korean adults. This study provides evidence that a Mediterranean diet is crucial in preventing depressive symptoms in Asian populations.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1219743/fulldepressive symptomsdietary patternsKNHANESMediterranean diet scoresex difference |
| spellingShingle | Yeong-Geon Hwang Yeong-Geon Hwang Chongwon Pae Sang-Hyuk Lee Ki-Hwan Yook Chun Il Park Relationship between Mediterranean diet and depression in South Korea: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Frontiers in Nutrition depressive symptoms dietary patterns KNHANES Mediterranean diet score sex difference |
| title | Relationship between Mediterranean diet and depression in South Korea: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey |
| title_full | Relationship between Mediterranean diet and depression in South Korea: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey |
| title_fullStr | Relationship between Mediterranean diet and depression in South Korea: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relationship between Mediterranean diet and depression in South Korea: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey |
| title_short | Relationship between Mediterranean diet and depression in South Korea: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey |
| title_sort | relationship between mediterranean diet and depression in south korea the korea national health and nutrition examination survey |
| topic | depressive symptoms dietary patterns KNHANES Mediterranean diet score sex difference |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1219743/full |
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