PAK in Pancreatic Cancer-Associated Vasculature: Implications for Therapeutic Response
Angiogenesis has been associated with numbers of solid tumours. Anti-angiogenesis drugs starve tumours of nutrients and oxygen but also make it difficult for a chemo reagent to distribute into a tumour, leading to aggressive tumour growth. Anti-angiogenesis drugs do not appear to improve the overall...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/23/2692 |
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| author | Arian Ansardamavandi Mehrdad Nikfarjam Hong He |
| author_facet | Arian Ansardamavandi Mehrdad Nikfarjam Hong He |
| author_sort | Arian Ansardamavandi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Angiogenesis has been associated with numbers of solid tumours. Anti-angiogenesis drugs starve tumours of nutrients and oxygen but also make it difficult for a chemo reagent to distribute into a tumour, leading to aggressive tumour growth. Anti-angiogenesis drugs do not appear to improve the overall survival rate of pancreatic cancer. Vessel normalisation is merging as one of the new approaches for halting tumour progression by facilitating the tumour infiltration of immune cells and the delivery of chemo reagents. Targeting p21-activated kinases (PAKs) in cancer has been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth and improve the efficacy of chemotherapy. Inhibition of PAK enhances anti-tumour immunity and stimulates the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockades. Inhibition of PAK also improves Car-T immunotherapy by reprogramming the vascular microenvironment. This review summarizes current research on PAK’s role in tumour vasculature and therapeutical response, with a focus on pancreatic cancer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:54:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ba2cb889f6a34c8493cf2eb9b7d59786 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:54:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-ba2cb889f6a34c8493cf2eb9b7d597862023-12-08T15:13:04ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092023-11-011223269210.3390/cells12232692PAK in Pancreatic Cancer-Associated Vasculature: Implications for Therapeutic ResponseArian Ansardamavandi0Mehrdad Nikfarjam1Hong He2Department of Surgery, Austin Precinct, The University of Melbourne, 145 Studley Rd, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, AustraliaDepartment of Surgery, Austin Precinct, The University of Melbourne, 145 Studley Rd, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, AustraliaDepartment of Surgery, Austin Precinct, The University of Melbourne, 145 Studley Rd, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, AustraliaAngiogenesis has been associated with numbers of solid tumours. Anti-angiogenesis drugs starve tumours of nutrients and oxygen but also make it difficult for a chemo reagent to distribute into a tumour, leading to aggressive tumour growth. Anti-angiogenesis drugs do not appear to improve the overall survival rate of pancreatic cancer. Vessel normalisation is merging as one of the new approaches for halting tumour progression by facilitating the tumour infiltration of immune cells and the delivery of chemo reagents. Targeting p21-activated kinases (PAKs) in cancer has been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth and improve the efficacy of chemotherapy. Inhibition of PAK enhances anti-tumour immunity and stimulates the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockades. Inhibition of PAK also improves Car-T immunotherapy by reprogramming the vascular microenvironment. This review summarizes current research on PAK’s role in tumour vasculature and therapeutical response, with a focus on pancreatic cancer.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/23/2692angiogenesispancreatic cancervessel normalisationp21-activated kinases (PAKs)immunotherapychemotherapy |
| spellingShingle | Arian Ansardamavandi Mehrdad Nikfarjam Hong He PAK in Pancreatic Cancer-Associated Vasculature: Implications for Therapeutic Response Cells angiogenesis pancreatic cancer vessel normalisation p21-activated kinases (PAKs) immunotherapy chemotherapy |
| title | PAK in Pancreatic Cancer-Associated Vasculature: Implications for Therapeutic Response |
| title_full | PAK in Pancreatic Cancer-Associated Vasculature: Implications for Therapeutic Response |
| title_fullStr | PAK in Pancreatic Cancer-Associated Vasculature: Implications for Therapeutic Response |
| title_full_unstemmed | PAK in Pancreatic Cancer-Associated Vasculature: Implications for Therapeutic Response |
| title_short | PAK in Pancreatic Cancer-Associated Vasculature: Implications for Therapeutic Response |
| title_sort | pak in pancreatic cancer associated vasculature implications for therapeutic response |
| topic | angiogenesis pancreatic cancer vessel normalisation p21-activated kinases (PAKs) immunotherapy chemotherapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/23/2692 |
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