Prevalence of Fundus Tessellation and Its Screening Based on Artificial Intelligence in Chinese Children: the Nanjing Eye Study
Abstract Introduction To investigate the prevalence of fundus tessellation (FT), and the threshold for screening FT using an artificial intelligence (AI) technology in Chinese children. Methods The Nanjing Eye Study was a population-based cohort study conducted in children born between September 201...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Adis, Springer Healthcare
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Ophthalmology and Therapy |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40123-023-00773-2 |
| _version_ | 1797736429250412544 |
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| author | Dan Huang Yingxiao Qian Qi Yan Saiguang Ling Zhou Dong Xin Ke Haohai Tong Tengfei Long Rui Li Hu Liu Hui Zhu |
| author_facet | Dan Huang Yingxiao Qian Qi Yan Saiguang Ling Zhou Dong Xin Ke Haohai Tong Tengfei Long Rui Li Hu Liu Hui Zhu |
| author_sort | Dan Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Introduction To investigate the prevalence of fundus tessellation (FT), and the threshold for screening FT using an artificial intelligence (AI) technology in Chinese children. Methods The Nanjing Eye Study was a population-based cohort study conducted in children born between September 2011 and August 2012 in Yuhuatai District of Nanjing. The data presented in this paper were obtained in 2019, when these children were 7 years old and underwent 45° non-mydriatic fundus photography. FT in whole fundus, macular area, and peripapillary area was manually recognized from fundus photographs and classified into three grades. Fundus tessellation density (FTD) in these areas was obtained by calculating the average exposed choroid area per unit area using artificial intelligence (AI) technology based on fundus photographs. The threshold for screening FT using FTD was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results Among 1062 enrolled children (mean [± standard deviation] spherical equivalent: − 0.28 ± 0.70 D), the prevalence of FT was 42.18% in the whole fundus (grade 1: 36.53%; grade 2: 5.08%; grade 3: 0.56%), 45.57% in macular area (grade 1: 43.5%; grade 2: 1.60%; grade 3: 0.50%), and 49.72% in peripapillary area (grade 1: 44.44%; grade 2: 4.43%; grade 3: 0.85%), respectively. The threshold value of FTD for screening severe FT (grade ≥ 2) was 0.049 (area under curve [AUC] 0.985; sensitivity 98.3%; specificity 92.3%) in the whole fundus, 0.069 (AUC 0.987; sensitivity 95.5%; specificity 96.2%) in the macular area, and 0.094 (AUC 0.980; sensitivity 94.6%; specificity 94.2%) in the peripapillary area, respectively. Conclusion Fundus tessellation affected approximately 40 in 100 children aged 7 years in China, indicating the importance and necessity of early FT screening. The threshold values of FTD provided by this study had high accuracy for detecting severe FT and might be applied for rapid screening. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T13:13:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ba33a679aebe4e2c87ae9c76c9ce0789 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2193-8245 2193-6528 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T13:13:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
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| series | Ophthalmology and Therapy |
| spelling | doaj.art-ba33a679aebe4e2c87ae9c76c9ce07892023-08-27T11:11:50ZengAdis, Springer HealthcareOphthalmology and Therapy2193-82452193-65282023-07-011252671268510.1007/s40123-023-00773-2Prevalence of Fundus Tessellation and Its Screening Based on Artificial Intelligence in Chinese Children: the Nanjing Eye StudyDan Huang0Yingxiao Qian1Qi Yan2Saiguang Ling3Zhou Dong4Xin Ke5Haohai Tong6Tengfei Long7Rui Li8Hu Liu9Hui Zhu10Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital–Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital–Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital–Nanjing Medical UniversityEVision Technology (Beijing) Co. Ltd.EVision Technology (Beijing) Co. Ltd.EVision Technology (Beijing) Co. Ltd.Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineAerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital–Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital–Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital–Nanjing Medical UniversityAbstract Introduction To investigate the prevalence of fundus tessellation (FT), and the threshold for screening FT using an artificial intelligence (AI) technology in Chinese children. Methods The Nanjing Eye Study was a population-based cohort study conducted in children born between September 2011 and August 2012 in Yuhuatai District of Nanjing. The data presented in this paper were obtained in 2019, when these children were 7 years old and underwent 45° non-mydriatic fundus photography. FT in whole fundus, macular area, and peripapillary area was manually recognized from fundus photographs and classified into three grades. Fundus tessellation density (FTD) in these areas was obtained by calculating the average exposed choroid area per unit area using artificial intelligence (AI) technology based on fundus photographs. The threshold for screening FT using FTD was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results Among 1062 enrolled children (mean [± standard deviation] spherical equivalent: − 0.28 ± 0.70 D), the prevalence of FT was 42.18% in the whole fundus (grade 1: 36.53%; grade 2: 5.08%; grade 3: 0.56%), 45.57% in macular area (grade 1: 43.5%; grade 2: 1.60%; grade 3: 0.50%), and 49.72% in peripapillary area (grade 1: 44.44%; grade 2: 4.43%; grade 3: 0.85%), respectively. The threshold value of FTD for screening severe FT (grade ≥ 2) was 0.049 (area under curve [AUC] 0.985; sensitivity 98.3%; specificity 92.3%) in the whole fundus, 0.069 (AUC 0.987; sensitivity 95.5%; specificity 96.2%) in the macular area, and 0.094 (AUC 0.980; sensitivity 94.6%; specificity 94.2%) in the peripapillary area, respectively. Conclusion Fundus tessellation affected approximately 40 in 100 children aged 7 years in China, indicating the importance and necessity of early FT screening. The threshold values of FTD provided by this study had high accuracy for detecting severe FT and might be applied for rapid screening.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40123-023-00773-2Fundus tessellationFundus tessellated densityArtificial intelligenceSchool childrenPrevalence |
| spellingShingle | Dan Huang Yingxiao Qian Qi Yan Saiguang Ling Zhou Dong Xin Ke Haohai Tong Tengfei Long Rui Li Hu Liu Hui Zhu Prevalence of Fundus Tessellation and Its Screening Based on Artificial Intelligence in Chinese Children: the Nanjing Eye Study Ophthalmology and Therapy Fundus tessellation Fundus tessellated density Artificial intelligence School children Prevalence |
| title | Prevalence of Fundus Tessellation and Its Screening Based on Artificial Intelligence in Chinese Children: the Nanjing Eye Study |
| title_full | Prevalence of Fundus Tessellation and Its Screening Based on Artificial Intelligence in Chinese Children: the Nanjing Eye Study |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of Fundus Tessellation and Its Screening Based on Artificial Intelligence in Chinese Children: the Nanjing Eye Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of Fundus Tessellation and Its Screening Based on Artificial Intelligence in Chinese Children: the Nanjing Eye Study |
| title_short | Prevalence of Fundus Tessellation and Its Screening Based on Artificial Intelligence in Chinese Children: the Nanjing Eye Study |
| title_sort | prevalence of fundus tessellation and its screening based on artificial intelligence in chinese children the nanjing eye study |
| topic | Fundus tessellation Fundus tessellated density Artificial intelligence School children Prevalence |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40123-023-00773-2 |
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