Cerebrospinal fluid light and heavy neurofilament level increased in anti‐N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor encephalitis
Abstract Background Neurofilaments (Nf) are a series of highly specific scaffolding proteins of neurons. Neurofilament light chains (Nf‐L) and the heavy one (Nf‐H) are subunits of Nf, and they are recognized as potent productions of neural damage. The concentrations of Nf aggrandized significantly i...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Brain and Behavior |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.1354 |
| _version_ | 1818977746676613120 |
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| author | Jiayu Li Yong Gu Hongwei An Zheyi Zhou Dong Zheng Zhanhang Wang Zehuai Wen Hai‐Ying Shen Qi Wang Honghao Wang |
| author_facet | Jiayu Li Yong Gu Hongwei An Zheyi Zhou Dong Zheng Zhanhang Wang Zehuai Wen Hai‐Ying Shen Qi Wang Honghao Wang |
| author_sort | Jiayu Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Neurofilaments (Nf) are a series of highly specific scaffolding proteins of neurons. Neurofilament light chains (Nf‐L) and the heavy one (Nf‐H) are subunits of Nf, and they are recognized as potent productions of neural damage. The concentrations of Nf aggrandized significantly in neurological disease including neuromyelitis optica, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. However, whether Nf in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) elevated in anti‐N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is unclear. Here, we aimed to detect whether CSF Nf is altered in NMDAR and whether changes in CSF Nf can serve as an objective and effective biomarker to evaluate disease severity and prognosis. Methods We collected 24 anti‐NMDAR encephalitis patients, 11 viral meningoencephalitis/encephalitis (VM) patients, and 21 controls in this study. CSF Nf‐L, Nf‐H, and cytokine levels (IL‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐17A) were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and compared between groups. We evaluated patients’ clinical outcomes or prognosis according to modified Rankin scale (mRS) score. Results Compared with controls, both CSF Nf‐L and Nf‐H levels were significantly increased in anti‐NMDAR encephalitis patients. While compared with VM patients, only Nf‐L were increased in anti‐NMDAR encephalitis patients. Moreover, CSF Nf‐L were positively correlated with concentration of cytokines (IL‐1β, IL‐17A) and mRS scores in anti‐NMDAR encephalitis patients. After treatment, both CSF Nf‐L and Nf‐H levels decreased. Furthermore, the Nf‐L during follow‐up positively correlated with 3‐month mRS scores, and ΔNf‐L positively correlated with ΔmRS. Conclusions Briefly, CSF Nf‐L levels notably increased in anti‐NMDAR encephalitis patients in acute phase and positively correlated with disease severity. It could be considered as a useful indicator for clinical outcomes and prognosis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T16:32:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ba38bf20fa804eeeb9b034918564d032 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2162-3279 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T16:32:39Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain and Behavior |
| spelling | doaj.art-ba38bf20fa804eeeb9b034918564d0322022-12-21T19:33:13ZengWileyBrain and Behavior2162-32792019-08-0198n/an/a10.1002/brb3.1354Cerebrospinal fluid light and heavy neurofilament level increased in anti‐N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor encephalitisJiayu Li0Yong Gu1Hongwei An2Zheyi Zhou3Dong Zheng4Zhanhang Wang5Zehuai Wen6Hai‐Ying Shen7Qi Wang8Honghao Wang9Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Encephalopathy Hainan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Haikou ChinaDepartment of Neurology Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital Liuzhou ChinaDepartment of Neurology Liuzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital Liuzhou ChinaDepartment of Neurology The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Neurology 999 Brain Hospital Guangzhou ChinaInstitute of Clinical Pharmacology Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou ChinaRS Dow Neurobiology Laboratories Legacy Research Institute Portland OregonInstitute of Clinical Pharmacology Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou ChinaAbstract Background Neurofilaments (Nf) are a series of highly specific scaffolding proteins of neurons. Neurofilament light chains (Nf‐L) and the heavy one (Nf‐H) are subunits of Nf, and they are recognized as potent productions of neural damage. The concentrations of Nf aggrandized significantly in neurological disease including neuromyelitis optica, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. However, whether Nf in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) elevated in anti‐N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is unclear. Here, we aimed to detect whether CSF Nf is altered in NMDAR and whether changes in CSF Nf can serve as an objective and effective biomarker to evaluate disease severity and prognosis. Methods We collected 24 anti‐NMDAR encephalitis patients, 11 viral meningoencephalitis/encephalitis (VM) patients, and 21 controls in this study. CSF Nf‐L, Nf‐H, and cytokine levels (IL‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐17A) were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and compared between groups. We evaluated patients’ clinical outcomes or prognosis according to modified Rankin scale (mRS) score. Results Compared with controls, both CSF Nf‐L and Nf‐H levels were significantly increased in anti‐NMDAR encephalitis patients. While compared with VM patients, only Nf‐L were increased in anti‐NMDAR encephalitis patients. Moreover, CSF Nf‐L were positively correlated with concentration of cytokines (IL‐1β, IL‐17A) and mRS scores in anti‐NMDAR encephalitis patients. After treatment, both CSF Nf‐L and Nf‐H levels decreased. Furthermore, the Nf‐L during follow‐up positively correlated with 3‐month mRS scores, and ΔNf‐L positively correlated with ΔmRS. Conclusions Briefly, CSF Nf‐L levels notably increased in anti‐NMDAR encephalitis patients in acute phase and positively correlated with disease severity. It could be considered as a useful indicator for clinical outcomes and prognosis.https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.1354anti‐NMDAR encephalitiscerebrospinal fluidcytokinemodified Rankin scaleneurofilament heavy subunitneurofilament light subunit |
| spellingShingle | Jiayu Li Yong Gu Hongwei An Zheyi Zhou Dong Zheng Zhanhang Wang Zehuai Wen Hai‐Ying Shen Qi Wang Honghao Wang Cerebrospinal fluid light and heavy neurofilament level increased in anti‐N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor encephalitis Brain and Behavior anti‐NMDAR encephalitis cerebrospinal fluid cytokine modified Rankin scale neurofilament heavy subunit neurofilament light subunit |
| title | Cerebrospinal fluid light and heavy neurofilament level increased in anti‐N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor encephalitis |
| title_full | Cerebrospinal fluid light and heavy neurofilament level increased in anti‐N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor encephalitis |
| title_fullStr | Cerebrospinal fluid light and heavy neurofilament level increased in anti‐N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor encephalitis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cerebrospinal fluid light and heavy neurofilament level increased in anti‐N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor encephalitis |
| title_short | Cerebrospinal fluid light and heavy neurofilament level increased in anti‐N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor encephalitis |
| title_sort | cerebrospinal fluid light and heavy neurofilament level increased in anti n methyl d aspartate receptor encephalitis |
| topic | anti‐NMDAR encephalitis cerebrospinal fluid cytokine modified Rankin scale neurofilament heavy subunit neurofilament light subunit |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.1354 |
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