Optimization of the Vacuum Fractional Distillation Process for Enhancing the α-Guaiene of Patchouli Oil with Response Surface Methodology
α-guaiene is one of the primary sesquiterpene compounds used as a flavor and fragrance agent in patchouli oil. The fraction of patchouli oil that is rich in α-guaiene has been successfully isolated. In the present work, α-guaiene was isolated from crude patchouli oil through vacuum fractional distil...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| author | Asri Widyasanti Sarifah Nurjanah Bambang Nurhadi Che Puteh Osman |
| author_facet | Asri Widyasanti Sarifah Nurjanah Bambang Nurhadi Che Puteh Osman |
| author_sort | Asri Widyasanti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | α-guaiene is one of the primary sesquiterpene compounds used as a flavor and fragrance agent in patchouli oil. The fraction of patchouli oil that is rich in α-guaiene has been successfully isolated. In the present work, α-guaiene was isolated from crude patchouli oil through vacuum fractional distillation followed by GC-MS identification. Three important process parameters—feed volume, reflux ratio, and applied run pressure—were investigated and optimized using Box–Behnken design. The research methodology was an experimental laboratory using response surface methodology (RSM) with a feed volume level from 75 mL to 125 mL, a reflux ratio from 10:1 to 30:1, and an applied run pressure from 5 mmHg to 15 mmHg. The α-guaiene-enriched fraction was found in the first distillate fraction patchouli. The optimum condition that generated α-guaiene fraction at 44.70% purity was the treatment with a feed volume of 75 mL, a reflux ratio of 24:1, and applied run pressure of 14.80 mmHg. Results indicated that feed volume did not significantly affect the α-guaiene content, while the applied run pressure and reflux ratio used had a significant effect. A quadratic mathematical model with R<sup>2</sup> 0.861 and validation 96.14% was suitable for predicting the optimum α-guaiene fraction content during the vacuum fractional distillation process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:01:43Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:01:43Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ba3f656641d343e69ececd7dfc5f090c2023-11-19T12:57:35ZengMDPI AGSeparations2297-87392023-08-0110946910.3390/separations10090469Optimization of the Vacuum Fractional Distillation Process for Enhancing the α-Guaiene of Patchouli Oil with Response Surface MethodologyAsri Widyasanti0Sarifah Nurjanah1Bambang Nurhadi2Che Puteh Osman3Doctoral Program Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industrial Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung-Sumedang Street km 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, IndonesiaDepartment of Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Agro-Industrial Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung-Sumedang Street km 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, IndonesiaDepartment of Food Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industrial Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung-Sumedang Street km 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, IndonesiaSchool of Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysiaα-guaiene is one of the primary sesquiterpene compounds used as a flavor and fragrance agent in patchouli oil. The fraction of patchouli oil that is rich in α-guaiene has been successfully isolated. In the present work, α-guaiene was isolated from crude patchouli oil through vacuum fractional distillation followed by GC-MS identification. Three important process parameters—feed volume, reflux ratio, and applied run pressure—were investigated and optimized using Box–Behnken design. The research methodology was an experimental laboratory using response surface methodology (RSM) with a feed volume level from 75 mL to 125 mL, a reflux ratio from 10:1 to 30:1, and an applied run pressure from 5 mmHg to 15 mmHg. The α-guaiene-enriched fraction was found in the first distillate fraction patchouli. The optimum condition that generated α-guaiene fraction at 44.70% purity was the treatment with a feed volume of 75 mL, a reflux ratio of 24:1, and applied run pressure of 14.80 mmHg. Results indicated that feed volume did not significantly affect the α-guaiene content, while the applied run pressure and reflux ratio used had a significant effect. A quadratic mathematical model with R<sup>2</sup> 0.861 and validation 96.14% was suitable for predicting the optimum α-guaiene fraction content during the vacuum fractional distillation process.https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/10/9/469α-guaiene fractionfeed volumereflux ratioRSMrun pressure |
| spellingShingle | Asri Widyasanti Sarifah Nurjanah Bambang Nurhadi Che Puteh Osman Optimization of the Vacuum Fractional Distillation Process for Enhancing the α-Guaiene of Patchouli Oil with Response Surface Methodology Separations α-guaiene fraction feed volume reflux ratio RSM run pressure |
| title | Optimization of the Vacuum Fractional Distillation Process for Enhancing the α-Guaiene of Patchouli Oil with Response Surface Methodology |
| title_full | Optimization of the Vacuum Fractional Distillation Process for Enhancing the α-Guaiene of Patchouli Oil with Response Surface Methodology |
| title_fullStr | Optimization of the Vacuum Fractional Distillation Process for Enhancing the α-Guaiene of Patchouli Oil with Response Surface Methodology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of the Vacuum Fractional Distillation Process for Enhancing the α-Guaiene of Patchouli Oil with Response Surface Methodology |
| title_short | Optimization of the Vacuum Fractional Distillation Process for Enhancing the α-Guaiene of Patchouli Oil with Response Surface Methodology |
| title_sort | optimization of the vacuum fractional distillation process for enhancing the α guaiene of patchouli oil with response surface methodology |
| topic | α-guaiene fraction feed volume reflux ratio RSM run pressure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/10/9/469 |
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