Photodynamic Activation of Cholecystokinin 1 Receptor with Different Genetically Encoded Protein Photosensitizers and from Varied Subcellular Sites

Cholecystokinin 1 receptor (CCK1R) is activated by singlet oxygen (<sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub>) generated in photodynamic action with sulphonated aluminum phthalocyanine (SALPC) or genetically encoded protein photosensitizer (GEPP) KillerRed or mini singlet oxygen generator (mi...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yuan Li, Zong Jie Cui
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2020-10-01
Series:Biomolecules
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/10/1423
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Summary:Cholecystokinin 1 receptor (CCK1R) is activated by singlet oxygen (<sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub>) generated in photodynamic action with sulphonated aluminum phthalocyanine (SALPC) or genetically encoded protein photosensitizer (GEPP) KillerRed or mini singlet oxygen generator (miniSOG). A large number of GEPP with varied <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> quantum yields have appeared recently; therefore, in the present work, the efficacy of different GEPP to photodynamically activate CCK1R was examined, as monitored by Fura-2 calcium imaging. KillerRed, miniSOG, miniSOG2, singlet oxygen protein photosensitizer (SOPP), flavin-binding fluorescent protein from <i>Methylobacterium radiotolerans</i> with point mutation C71G (Mr4511<sup>C71G</sup>), and flavin-binding fluorescent protein from <i>Dinoroseobacter shibae</i> (DsFbFP) were expressed at the plasma membrane (PM) in AR4-2J cells, which express endogenous CCK1R. Light irradiation (KillerRed: white light 85.3 mW‧cm<sup>−2</sup>, 4’ and all others: LED 450 nm, 85 mW·cm<sup>−2</sup>, 1.5′) of GEPP<sub>PM</sub>-expressing AR4-2J was found to all trigger persistent calcium oscillations, a hallmark of permanent photodynamic CCK1R activation; DsFbFP was the least effective, due to poor expression. miniSOG was targeted to PM, mitochondria (MT) or lysosomes (LS) in AR4-2J in parallel experiments; LED light irradiation was found to all induce persistent calcium oscillations. In miniSOG<sub>PM</sub>-AR4-2J cells, light emitting diode (LED) light irradiation-induced calcium oscillations were readily inhibited by CCK1R antagonist devazepide 2 nM; miniSOG<sub>MT</sub>-AR4-2J cells were less susceptible, but miniSOG<sub>LS</sub>-AR4-2J cells were not inhibited. In conclusion, different GEPP<sub>PM</sub> could all photodynamically activate CCK1R. Intracellular GEPP photodynamic action may prove particularly suited to study intracellular GPCR.
ISSN:2218-273X