Study of the Chemical Profile and Anti-Fungal Activity against <i>Candida auris</i> of <i>Cinnamomum cassia</i> Essential Oil and of Its Nano-Formulations Based on Polycaprolactone
Background: <i>Candida auris</i> represents an emerging pathogen that results in nosocomial infections and is considered a serious global health problem. The aim of this work was to evaluate the in vitro antifungal efficacy of <i>Cinnamomum cassia</i> essential oil (CC-EO) pu...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/2/358 |
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| author | Roberto Rosato Edoardo Napoli Giuseppe Granata Maura Di Vito Stefania Garzoli Corrada Geraci Silvia Rizzo Riccardo Torelli Maurizio Sanguinetti Francesca Bugli |
| author_facet | Roberto Rosato Edoardo Napoli Giuseppe Granata Maura Di Vito Stefania Garzoli Corrada Geraci Silvia Rizzo Riccardo Torelli Maurizio Sanguinetti Francesca Bugli |
| author_sort | Roberto Rosato |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: <i>Candida auris</i> represents an emerging pathogen that results in nosocomial infections and is considered a serious global health problem. The aim of this work was to evaluate the in vitro antifungal efficacy of <i>Cinnamomum cassia</i> essential oil (CC-EO) pure or formulated in polycaprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles against ten clinical strains of <i>C. auris</i>. Methods: nanoparticles of PCL were produced using CC-EO (nano-CC-EO) and cinnamaldehyde (CIN) through the nanoprecipitation method. The chemical profile of both CC-EO and nano-CC-EO was evaluated using SPME sampling followed by GC-MS analysis. Micro-broth dilution tests were performed to evaluate both fungistatic and fungicidal effectiveness of CC-EO and CIN, pure and nano-formulated. Furthermore, checkerboard tests to evaluate the synergistic action of CC-EO or nano-CC-EO with micafungin or fluconazole were conducted. Finally, the biofilm disrupting activity of both formulations was evaluated. Results: GC-MS analysis shows a different composition between CC-EO and nano-CC-EO. Moreover, the microbiological analyses do not show any variation in antifungal effectiveness either towards the planktonic form (MIC<sub>CC-EO</sub> = 0.01 ± 0.01 and MIC<sub>nano-CC-EO</sub> = 0.02 ± 0.01) or the biofilm form. No synergistic activity with the antifungal drugs tested was found. Conclusions: both CC-EO and nano-CC-EO show the same antimicrobial effectiveness and are potential assets in the fight against <i>C. auris.</i> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:25:52Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:25:52Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-ba51b44edbc54da8a78381f466ee9ec72023-12-01T00:05:33ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-01-0112235810.3390/plants12020358Study of the Chemical Profile and Anti-Fungal Activity against <i>Candida auris</i> of <i>Cinnamomum cassia</i> Essential Oil and of Its Nano-Formulations Based on PolycaprolactoneRoberto Rosato0Edoardo Napoli1Giuseppe Granata2Maura Di Vito3Stefania Garzoli4Corrada Geraci5Silvia Rizzo6Riccardo Torelli7Maurizio Sanguinetti8Francesca Bugli9Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00167 Rome, ItalyIstituto di Chimica Biomolecolare—Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 95126 Catania, ItalyIstituto di Chimica Biomolecolare—Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 95126 Catania, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00167 Rome, ItalyDipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00100 Rome, ItalyIstituto di Chimica Biomolecolare—Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 95126 Catania, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00167 Rome, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00167 Rome, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00167 Rome, ItalyBackground: <i>Candida auris</i> represents an emerging pathogen that results in nosocomial infections and is considered a serious global health problem. The aim of this work was to evaluate the in vitro antifungal efficacy of <i>Cinnamomum cassia</i> essential oil (CC-EO) pure or formulated in polycaprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles against ten clinical strains of <i>C. auris</i>. Methods: nanoparticles of PCL were produced using CC-EO (nano-CC-EO) and cinnamaldehyde (CIN) through the nanoprecipitation method. The chemical profile of both CC-EO and nano-CC-EO was evaluated using SPME sampling followed by GC-MS analysis. Micro-broth dilution tests were performed to evaluate both fungistatic and fungicidal effectiveness of CC-EO and CIN, pure and nano-formulated. Furthermore, checkerboard tests to evaluate the synergistic action of CC-EO or nano-CC-EO with micafungin or fluconazole were conducted. Finally, the biofilm disrupting activity of both formulations was evaluated. Results: GC-MS analysis shows a different composition between CC-EO and nano-CC-EO. Moreover, the microbiological analyses do not show any variation in antifungal effectiveness either towards the planktonic form (MIC<sub>CC-EO</sub> = 0.01 ± 0.01 and MIC<sub>nano-CC-EO</sub> = 0.02 ± 0.01) or the biofilm form. No synergistic activity with the antifungal drugs tested was found. Conclusions: both CC-EO and nano-CC-EO show the same antimicrobial effectiveness and are potential assets in the fight against <i>C. auris.</i>https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/2/358cinnamaldehydecinnamonantifungal properties |
| spellingShingle | Roberto Rosato Edoardo Napoli Giuseppe Granata Maura Di Vito Stefania Garzoli Corrada Geraci Silvia Rizzo Riccardo Torelli Maurizio Sanguinetti Francesca Bugli Study of the Chemical Profile and Anti-Fungal Activity against <i>Candida auris</i> of <i>Cinnamomum cassia</i> Essential Oil and of Its Nano-Formulations Based on Polycaprolactone Plants cinnamaldehyde cinnamon antifungal properties |
| title | Study of the Chemical Profile and Anti-Fungal Activity against <i>Candida auris</i> of <i>Cinnamomum cassia</i> Essential Oil and of Its Nano-Formulations Based on Polycaprolactone |
| title_full | Study of the Chemical Profile and Anti-Fungal Activity against <i>Candida auris</i> of <i>Cinnamomum cassia</i> Essential Oil and of Its Nano-Formulations Based on Polycaprolactone |
| title_fullStr | Study of the Chemical Profile and Anti-Fungal Activity against <i>Candida auris</i> of <i>Cinnamomum cassia</i> Essential Oil and of Its Nano-Formulations Based on Polycaprolactone |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study of the Chemical Profile and Anti-Fungal Activity against <i>Candida auris</i> of <i>Cinnamomum cassia</i> Essential Oil and of Its Nano-Formulations Based on Polycaprolactone |
| title_short | Study of the Chemical Profile and Anti-Fungal Activity against <i>Candida auris</i> of <i>Cinnamomum cassia</i> Essential Oil and of Its Nano-Formulations Based on Polycaprolactone |
| title_sort | study of the chemical profile and anti fungal activity against i candida auris i of i cinnamomum cassia i essential oil and of its nano formulations based on polycaprolactone |
| topic | cinnamaldehyde cinnamon antifungal properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/2/358 |
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