High Temperature and Ion Implantation-Induced Phase Transformations in Novel Reduced Activation Si-Fe-V-Cr (-Mo) High Entropy Alloys
For fusion to be realized as a safe, sustainable source of power, new structural materials need to be developed which can withstand high temperatures and the unique fusion radiation environment. An attractive aspect of fusion is that no long-lived radioactive wastes will be produced, but to achieve...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmats.2019.00146/full |
| _version_ | 1819034748501098496 |
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| author | Amy S. Gandy Bethany Jim Bethany Jim Gabrielle Coe Dhinisa Patel Liam Hardwick Shavkat Akhmadaliev Nik Reeves-McLaren Russell Goodall |
| author_facet | Amy S. Gandy Bethany Jim Bethany Jim Gabrielle Coe Dhinisa Patel Liam Hardwick Shavkat Akhmadaliev Nik Reeves-McLaren Russell Goodall |
| author_sort | Amy S. Gandy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | For fusion to be realized as a safe, sustainable source of power, new structural materials need to be developed which can withstand high temperatures and the unique fusion radiation environment. An attractive aspect of fusion is that no long-lived radioactive wastes will be produced, but to achieve this structural materials must comprise reduced activation elements. Compositionally complex alloys (CCAs) (also called high entropy alloys, HEAs) are promising candidates for use in extreme environments, including fusion, but few reported to date have low activation. To address these material challenges, we have produced novel, reduced activation, HEAs by arc-melting, and investigated their thermal stability, and radiation damage resistance using 5 MeV Au2+ ion implantation. Whilst the alloys were designed to form single phase BCC, using room temperature and non-ambient in situ X-ray diffraction we have revealed the thermodynamically stable structure of these alloys is in fact a sigma phase. We propose that a BCC phase is formed in these alloys, but at high temperatures (>1000°C). A BCC phase was also formed during heavy ion implantation, which we propose to be due to the rapid heating and cooling that occurs during the thermal spike, effectively freezing in the BCC phase produced by an implantation induced phase transformation. The BCC phase was found to have high hardness and a degree of ductility, making these new alloys attractive in the development of reduced activation HEAs for nuclear applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T07:38:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ba5d3634c1984417aebe92714ad8713a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-8016 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T07:38:40Z |
| publishDate | 2019-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-ba5d3634c1984417aebe92714ad8713a2022-12-21T19:11:22ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Materials2296-80162019-06-01610.3389/fmats.2019.00146451754High Temperature and Ion Implantation-Induced Phase Transformations in Novel Reduced Activation Si-Fe-V-Cr (-Mo) High Entropy AlloysAmy S. Gandy0Bethany Jim1Bethany Jim2Gabrielle Coe3Dhinisa Patel4Liam Hardwick5Shavkat Akhmadaliev6Nik Reeves-McLaren7Russell Goodall8Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United KingdomDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United KingdomDepartment of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, United KingdomDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United KingdomDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United KingdomDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United KingdomInstitute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, GermanyDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United KingdomDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United KingdomFor fusion to be realized as a safe, sustainable source of power, new structural materials need to be developed which can withstand high temperatures and the unique fusion radiation environment. An attractive aspect of fusion is that no long-lived radioactive wastes will be produced, but to achieve this structural materials must comprise reduced activation elements. Compositionally complex alloys (CCAs) (also called high entropy alloys, HEAs) are promising candidates for use in extreme environments, including fusion, but few reported to date have low activation. To address these material challenges, we have produced novel, reduced activation, HEAs by arc-melting, and investigated their thermal stability, and radiation damage resistance using 5 MeV Au2+ ion implantation. Whilst the alloys were designed to form single phase BCC, using room temperature and non-ambient in situ X-ray diffraction we have revealed the thermodynamically stable structure of these alloys is in fact a sigma phase. We propose that a BCC phase is formed in these alloys, but at high temperatures (>1000°C). A BCC phase was also formed during heavy ion implantation, which we propose to be due to the rapid heating and cooling that occurs during the thermal spike, effectively freezing in the BCC phase produced by an implantation induced phase transformation. The BCC phase was found to have high hardness and a degree of ductility, making these new alloys attractive in the development of reduced activation HEAs for nuclear applications.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmats.2019.00146/fullhigh entropy alloy (HEA)reduced activationphase transformationion implantationthermal stabilitynuclear |
| spellingShingle | Amy S. Gandy Bethany Jim Bethany Jim Gabrielle Coe Dhinisa Patel Liam Hardwick Shavkat Akhmadaliev Nik Reeves-McLaren Russell Goodall High Temperature and Ion Implantation-Induced Phase Transformations in Novel Reduced Activation Si-Fe-V-Cr (-Mo) High Entropy Alloys Frontiers in Materials high entropy alloy (HEA) reduced activation phase transformation ion implantation thermal stability nuclear |
| title | High Temperature and Ion Implantation-Induced Phase Transformations in Novel Reduced Activation Si-Fe-V-Cr (-Mo) High Entropy Alloys |
| title_full | High Temperature and Ion Implantation-Induced Phase Transformations in Novel Reduced Activation Si-Fe-V-Cr (-Mo) High Entropy Alloys |
| title_fullStr | High Temperature and Ion Implantation-Induced Phase Transformations in Novel Reduced Activation Si-Fe-V-Cr (-Mo) High Entropy Alloys |
| title_full_unstemmed | High Temperature and Ion Implantation-Induced Phase Transformations in Novel Reduced Activation Si-Fe-V-Cr (-Mo) High Entropy Alloys |
| title_short | High Temperature and Ion Implantation-Induced Phase Transformations in Novel Reduced Activation Si-Fe-V-Cr (-Mo) High Entropy Alloys |
| title_sort | high temperature and ion implantation induced phase transformations in novel reduced activation si fe v cr mo high entropy alloys |
| topic | high entropy alloy (HEA) reduced activation phase transformation ion implantation thermal stability nuclear |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmats.2019.00146/full |
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