Oxidative Stress-Mediated Antibacterial Activity of the Total Flavonoid Extracted from the <i>Agrimonia pilosa</i> Ledeb. in Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus</i><i>aureus</i> (MRSA)
(1) Background: Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus</i> <i>aureus</i> (MRSA) is a zoonotic pathogen that causes endocarditis, pneumonia, and skin diseases in humans and livestock. (2) Methods: The antibacterial effect of the total flavonoid against MRSA (ATCC43300) extrac...
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/9/2/71 |
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| author | Liren He Han Cheng Fuxin Chen Suquan Song Hang Zhang Weidong Sun Xiaowei Bao Haibin Zhang Chenghua He |
| author_facet | Liren He Han Cheng Fuxin Chen Suquan Song Hang Zhang Weidong Sun Xiaowei Bao Haibin Zhang Chenghua He |
| author_sort | Liren He |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus</i> <i>aureus</i> (MRSA) is a zoonotic pathogen that causes endocarditis, pneumonia, and skin diseases in humans and livestock. (2) Methods: The antibacterial effect of the total flavonoid against MRSA (ATCC43300) extracted from the <i>Agrimonia pilosa</i> Ledeb. (<i>A</i><i>. pilosa</i> Ledeb) was evaluated by the microdilution method. The oxidative stresses in MRSA were evaluated by the levels of intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and oxidative stress-related genes. The DNA oxidative damage was tested by the 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and DNA gel electrophoresis. The differentially expressed proteins were determined by the method of SDS-PAGE and NanoLC-ESI-MS/MS, while the mRNAs of differential proteins were determined by Real-Time PCR. The changes of ultra-structures in MRSA were observed by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). (3) Results: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the total flavonoid against MRSA was recorded as 62.5 μg/mL. After treatment with the total flavonoid, the levels of intracellular H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and ROS were increased and the gene expressions against oxidative stress (<i>SodA</i>, <i>katA</i>, <i>TrxB</i>) were decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.01), while the gene expression for oxidative stress (<i>PerR</i>) was increased (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The level of intracellular 8-OHdG in MRSA was increased (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and the DNA was damaged. The results of TEM also showed that the total flavonoid could destroy the ultra-structures in the bacteria. (4) Conclusions: The total flavonoid extracted from the <i>A</i><i>. pilosa</i> Ledeb can induce the oxidative stress that disturbed the energy metabolism and protein synthesis in MRSA. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:53:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
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| series | Veterinary Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-ba5d977abd2c4db28ec679c912831f842023-11-23T22:28:12ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812022-02-01927110.3390/vetsci9020071Oxidative Stress-Mediated Antibacterial Activity of the Total Flavonoid Extracted from the <i>Agrimonia pilosa</i> Ledeb. in Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus</i><i>aureus</i> (MRSA)Liren He0Han Cheng1Fuxin Chen2Suquan Song3Hang Zhang4Weidong Sun5Xiaowei Bao6Haibin Zhang7Chenghua He8College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaKey Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China(1) Background: Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus</i> <i>aureus</i> (MRSA) is a zoonotic pathogen that causes endocarditis, pneumonia, and skin diseases in humans and livestock. (2) Methods: The antibacterial effect of the total flavonoid against MRSA (ATCC43300) extracted from the <i>Agrimonia pilosa</i> Ledeb. (<i>A</i><i>. pilosa</i> Ledeb) was evaluated by the microdilution method. The oxidative stresses in MRSA were evaluated by the levels of intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and oxidative stress-related genes. The DNA oxidative damage was tested by the 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and DNA gel electrophoresis. The differentially expressed proteins were determined by the method of SDS-PAGE and NanoLC-ESI-MS/MS, while the mRNAs of differential proteins were determined by Real-Time PCR. The changes of ultra-structures in MRSA were observed by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). (3) Results: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the total flavonoid against MRSA was recorded as 62.5 μg/mL. After treatment with the total flavonoid, the levels of intracellular H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and ROS were increased and the gene expressions against oxidative stress (<i>SodA</i>, <i>katA</i>, <i>TrxB</i>) were decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.01), while the gene expression for oxidative stress (<i>PerR</i>) was increased (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The level of intracellular 8-OHdG in MRSA was increased (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and the DNA was damaged. The results of TEM also showed that the total flavonoid could destroy the ultra-structures in the bacteria. (4) Conclusions: The total flavonoid extracted from the <i>A</i><i>. pilosa</i> Ledeb can induce the oxidative stress that disturbed the energy metabolism and protein synthesis in MRSA.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/9/2/71oxidative stresstotal flavonoid<i>Agrimonia pilosa</i> Ledeb. (<i>A</i><i>. pilosa</i> Ledeb.)methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) |
| spellingShingle | Liren He Han Cheng Fuxin Chen Suquan Song Hang Zhang Weidong Sun Xiaowei Bao Haibin Zhang Chenghua He Oxidative Stress-Mediated Antibacterial Activity of the Total Flavonoid Extracted from the <i>Agrimonia pilosa</i> Ledeb. in Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus</i><i>aureus</i> (MRSA) Veterinary Sciences oxidative stress total flavonoid <i>Agrimonia pilosa</i> Ledeb. (<i>A</i><i>. pilosa</i> Ledeb.) methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) |
| title | Oxidative Stress-Mediated Antibacterial Activity of the Total Flavonoid Extracted from the <i>Agrimonia pilosa</i> Ledeb. in Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus</i><i>aureus</i> (MRSA) |
| title_full | Oxidative Stress-Mediated Antibacterial Activity of the Total Flavonoid Extracted from the <i>Agrimonia pilosa</i> Ledeb. in Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus</i><i>aureus</i> (MRSA) |
| title_fullStr | Oxidative Stress-Mediated Antibacterial Activity of the Total Flavonoid Extracted from the <i>Agrimonia pilosa</i> Ledeb. in Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus</i><i>aureus</i> (MRSA) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oxidative Stress-Mediated Antibacterial Activity of the Total Flavonoid Extracted from the <i>Agrimonia pilosa</i> Ledeb. in Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus</i><i>aureus</i> (MRSA) |
| title_short | Oxidative Stress-Mediated Antibacterial Activity of the Total Flavonoid Extracted from the <i>Agrimonia pilosa</i> Ledeb. in Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus</i><i>aureus</i> (MRSA) |
| title_sort | oxidative stress mediated antibacterial activity of the total flavonoid extracted from the i agrimonia pilosa i ledeb in methicillin resistant i staphylococcus i i aureus i mrsa |
| topic | oxidative stress total flavonoid <i>Agrimonia pilosa</i> Ledeb. (<i>A</i><i>. pilosa</i> Ledeb.) methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/9/2/71 |
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