Synthesis, Characterization, and Biosorption of Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Pb<sup>2+</sup> Ions from an Aqueous Solution Using Biochar Derived from Orange Peels
In this study, orange peel (OP) biochar was used as a bio-sorbent for the removal of copper and lead from wastewater in single and binary systems. The equilibrium and kinetic studies were conducted at a pH value of 5, which was the maximum adsorption pH value for both metal ions. The equilibrium stu...
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/20/7050 |
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| author | Felicia Omolara Afolabi Paul Musonge |
| author_facet | Felicia Omolara Afolabi Paul Musonge |
| author_sort | Felicia Omolara Afolabi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, orange peel (OP) biochar was used as a bio-sorbent for the removal of copper and lead from wastewater in single and binary systems. The equilibrium and kinetic studies were conducted at a pH value of 5, which was the maximum adsorption pH value for both metal ions. The equilibrium studies were investigated at a varying initial concentration (10–200 mg/L) with a constant dosage of 0.1 g, while the kinetic studies were conducted at a fixed initial concentration of 200 mg/L with a constant dosage of 1 g/L for both single and binary systems. The maximum adsorption capacity of the orange peel biochar was 28.06 mg/g, 26.83 mg/g, 30.12 mg/g and 27.71 mg/g for single Cu<sup>2+</sup>, binary Cu<sup>2+</sup>, single Pb<sup>2+</sup> and binary Pb<sup>2+</sup> systems, respectively. The Langmuir isotherm model fitted the experimental data, suggesting that adsorption occurred on a monolayer, while the pseudo-second-order model performed well with the kinetic data. The point of zero charge (pH<sub>pzc</sub>) of the orange peel biochar was found to be 10.03, which revealed that the surface of the bio-sorbent contains basic groups. A Fourier infrared transform (FTIR) spectroscope and scanning electron microscope, coupled with energy dispersive x-ray (SEM-EDX) and x-ray diffraction analyses, were used to determine the functional groups, surface morphology, and inorganic elements present on the surface of the bio-sorbent, respectively. The results obtained have shown that orange peel biochar is efficient for the removal of Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Pb<sup>2+</sup> ions from an aqueous solution. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:00:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ba5dbb29ffa74803b4e71c131b890778 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:00:58Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
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| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-ba5dbb29ffa74803b4e71c131b8907782023-11-19T17:32:01ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-10-012820705010.3390/molecules28207050Synthesis, Characterization, and Biosorption of Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Pb<sup>2+</sup> Ions from an Aqueous Solution Using Biochar Derived from Orange PeelsFelicia Omolara Afolabi0Paul Musonge1Department of Chemical Engineering, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South AfricaInstitute of Systems Science, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South AfricaIn this study, orange peel (OP) biochar was used as a bio-sorbent for the removal of copper and lead from wastewater in single and binary systems. The equilibrium and kinetic studies were conducted at a pH value of 5, which was the maximum adsorption pH value for both metal ions. The equilibrium studies were investigated at a varying initial concentration (10–200 mg/L) with a constant dosage of 0.1 g, while the kinetic studies were conducted at a fixed initial concentration of 200 mg/L with a constant dosage of 1 g/L for both single and binary systems. The maximum adsorption capacity of the orange peel biochar was 28.06 mg/g, 26.83 mg/g, 30.12 mg/g and 27.71 mg/g for single Cu<sup>2+</sup>, binary Cu<sup>2+</sup>, single Pb<sup>2+</sup> and binary Pb<sup>2+</sup> systems, respectively. The Langmuir isotherm model fitted the experimental data, suggesting that adsorption occurred on a monolayer, while the pseudo-second-order model performed well with the kinetic data. The point of zero charge (pH<sub>pzc</sub>) of the orange peel biochar was found to be 10.03, which revealed that the surface of the bio-sorbent contains basic groups. A Fourier infrared transform (FTIR) spectroscope and scanning electron microscope, coupled with energy dispersive x-ray (SEM-EDX) and x-ray diffraction analyses, were used to determine the functional groups, surface morphology, and inorganic elements present on the surface of the bio-sorbent, respectively. The results obtained have shown that orange peel biochar is efficient for the removal of Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Pb<sup>2+</sup> ions from an aqueous solution.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/20/7050biocharkineticsequilibriumadsorptionbinary systems |
| spellingShingle | Felicia Omolara Afolabi Paul Musonge Synthesis, Characterization, and Biosorption of Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Pb<sup>2+</sup> Ions from an Aqueous Solution Using Biochar Derived from Orange Peels Molecules biochar kinetics equilibrium adsorption binary systems |
| title | Synthesis, Characterization, and Biosorption of Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Pb<sup>2+</sup> Ions from an Aqueous Solution Using Biochar Derived from Orange Peels |
| title_full | Synthesis, Characterization, and Biosorption of Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Pb<sup>2+</sup> Ions from an Aqueous Solution Using Biochar Derived from Orange Peels |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis, Characterization, and Biosorption of Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Pb<sup>2+</sup> Ions from an Aqueous Solution Using Biochar Derived from Orange Peels |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis, Characterization, and Biosorption of Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Pb<sup>2+</sup> Ions from an Aqueous Solution Using Biochar Derived from Orange Peels |
| title_short | Synthesis, Characterization, and Biosorption of Cu<sup>2+</sup> and Pb<sup>2+</sup> Ions from an Aqueous Solution Using Biochar Derived from Orange Peels |
| title_sort | synthesis characterization and biosorption of cu sup 2 sup and pb sup 2 sup ions from an aqueous solution using biochar derived from orange peels |
| topic | biochar kinetics equilibrium adsorption binary systems |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/20/7050 |
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