<i>Gambierdiscus</i> and Its Associated Toxins: A Minireview
<i>Gambierdiscus</i> is a dinoflagellate genus widely distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions. Some members of this genus can produce a group of potent polycyclic polyether neurotoxins responsible for ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP), one of the most significant food-borne...
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Serija: | Toxins |
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| Online dostop: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/14/7/485 |
| _version_ | 1827603778024505344 |
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| author | Da-Zhi Wang Ye-Hong Xin Ming-Hua Wang |
| author_facet | Da-Zhi Wang Ye-Hong Xin Ming-Hua Wang |
| author_sort | Da-Zhi Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Gambierdiscus</i> is a dinoflagellate genus widely distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions. Some members of this genus can produce a group of potent polycyclic polyether neurotoxins responsible for ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP), one of the most significant food-borne illnesses associated with fish consumption. Ciguatoxins and maitotoxins, the two major toxins produced by <i>Gambierdiscus</i>, act on voltage-gated channels and TRPA1 receptors, consequently leading to poisoning and even death in both humans and animals. Over the past few decades, the occurrence and geographic distribution of CFP have undergone a significant expansion due to intensive anthropogenic activities and global climate change, which results in more human illness, a greater public health impact, and larger economic losses. The global spread of CFP has led to <i>Gambierdiscus</i> and its toxins being considered an environmental and human health concern worldwide. In this review, we seek to provide an overview of recent advances in the field of <i>Gambierdiscus</i> and its associated toxins based on the existing literature combined with re-analyses of current data. The taxonomy, phylogenetics, geographic distribution, environmental regulation, toxin detection method, toxin biosynthesis, and pharmacology and toxicology of <i>Gambierdiscus</i> are summarized and discussed. We also highlight future perspectives on <i>Gambierdiscus</i> and its associated toxins. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:46:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ba63793d9b3a4ddd8a7b0df93832e64e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:46:29Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-ba63793d9b3a4ddd8a7b0df93832e64e2023-12-03T12:21:17ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512022-07-0114748510.3390/toxins14070485<i>Gambierdiscus</i> and Its Associated Toxins: A MinireviewDa-Zhi Wang0Ye-Hong Xin1Ming-Hua Wang2State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361105, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361105, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361105, China<i>Gambierdiscus</i> is a dinoflagellate genus widely distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions. Some members of this genus can produce a group of potent polycyclic polyether neurotoxins responsible for ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP), one of the most significant food-borne illnesses associated with fish consumption. Ciguatoxins and maitotoxins, the two major toxins produced by <i>Gambierdiscus</i>, act on voltage-gated channels and TRPA1 receptors, consequently leading to poisoning and even death in both humans and animals. Over the past few decades, the occurrence and geographic distribution of CFP have undergone a significant expansion due to intensive anthropogenic activities and global climate change, which results in more human illness, a greater public health impact, and larger economic losses. The global spread of CFP has led to <i>Gambierdiscus</i> and its toxins being considered an environmental and human health concern worldwide. In this review, we seek to provide an overview of recent advances in the field of <i>Gambierdiscus</i> and its associated toxins based on the existing literature combined with re-analyses of current data. The taxonomy, phylogenetics, geographic distribution, environmental regulation, toxin detection method, toxin biosynthesis, and pharmacology and toxicology of <i>Gambierdiscus</i> are summarized and discussed. We also highlight future perspectives on <i>Gambierdiscus</i> and its associated toxins.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/14/7/485<i>Gambierdiscus</i>ciguatoxinsmaitotoxinciguatera fish poisoning |
| spellingShingle | Da-Zhi Wang Ye-Hong Xin Ming-Hua Wang <i>Gambierdiscus</i> and Its Associated Toxins: A Minireview Toxins <i>Gambierdiscus</i> ciguatoxins maitotoxin ciguatera fish poisoning |
| title | <i>Gambierdiscus</i> and Its Associated Toxins: A Minireview |
| title_full | <i>Gambierdiscus</i> and Its Associated Toxins: A Minireview |
| title_fullStr | <i>Gambierdiscus</i> and Its Associated Toxins: A Minireview |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Gambierdiscus</i> and Its Associated Toxins: A Minireview |
| title_short | <i>Gambierdiscus</i> and Its Associated Toxins: A Minireview |
| title_sort | i gambierdiscus i and its associated toxins a minireview |
| topic | <i>Gambierdiscus</i> ciguatoxins maitotoxin ciguatera fish poisoning |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/14/7/485 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dazhiwang igambierdiscusianditsassociatedtoxinsaminireview AT yehongxin igambierdiscusianditsassociatedtoxinsaminireview AT minghuawang igambierdiscusianditsassociatedtoxinsaminireview |